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14 DIAGRAM VIII. The next of the planets is Jupiter, the largest in the system, and the brightest of all the planets except Venus. His diameter is 87,000 miles, and his hulk is about 1,300 times that of the Earth. He is distant from the Sun 490 million miles, and takes nearly 12 years to perform his revolution. He revolves on his axis in less then 10 hours; and owing to this very rapid motion, he is much flattened at the poles, from the tendency which it gives him to bulge out at the equator. When viewed with a telescope, his surface is seen to be crossed by several irregular cloudy belts which are parallel to each other. Sometimes eight or nine of these are seen; sometimes not more than one. He is attended by 4 moons, which revolve around him nearly in the plane of his equator with great velocity, the nearest being only 42| hours, and the farthest 16J days, in per- forming its revolution. The eclipses of the moons behind Jupiter himself, which very frequently occur, afford valuable data for astronomical calculations. DIAGRAM IX. Saturn is distant 900 millions of miles from the Sun, and revolves around him in 29^ years. His diameter is 79,160 miles, and he revolves on his axis in about 1 0?| hours. He presents the same phenomena as Jupiter with respect to his shape, and the belts which cross his surface. He is accompanied by 8 moons, which revolve around him in periods varying from 22 hours to 79 days. The most remarkable feature in the appearance of Saturn is his being surrounded by what appears to be one broad ring; by which, by a very good telescope, may be perceived to be double. The edge of the inner ring is about 19,000 milesfrom Saturn, and the whole breadth of the two is about 30,000 miles. The space between them is about 1,790 miles. Ihese i