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February, 1929
AMERICAN CINEMATOGRAPHER
Seven
A Multiple Synchronous Rewind
Technical Editor
[Mr. Bergman writes the Cinematocrapher that anyone who may desire to do so is at liberty to copy, build or use this apparatus without obligation of any kind. — Editor's Note.]
Mr. H. W. Bergman, Sound Engineer of the Metropolitan Studios, has devised a multiple rewind which permits the rewinding of three picture films and their corresponding single sound film, while eliminating the possibility of incurring in any error of synchronization of the several records, and they matching to perfection any number of long shots, semi or close-ups pertaining to one single film with one single sound record.
The cutting of the negatives as well as the cutting and editing of the positive prints are extremely facilitated by this ingenious device and the AMERICAN CINEMATOGRAPHER" is grateful to Mr. Bergman for his authorization to make public the specifications for the construction of this very useful apparatus.
The following illustrations and brief outlines of its functioning are more eloquent than any drawn-out, lengthy description of the different parts of the apparatus and of the possibilities it presents.
Fig. i
As seen in the figure, the apparatus mainly consists of one bridge (left side) holding the reels to be rewound, a light-box, a train of carrying sprockets and finally a bridge which holds the reels during rewinding.
First — The supplementary parts of the first bridge are: As many light spring brakes as reels which may be set in position of rewinding. The mission of these brakes is to avoid an unduly rapid unwinding of the film, and
Second — As many reel spacers as necessary to keep the reels and consequently the film, in alignment with the sprockets.
The light-box is of the usual type containing a sufficient number of incandescent light bulbs to transmit a sufficient and even illumination through its opalescent cover.
Figure 2 shows in detail the top of the light-box and the train of sprockets. The four carrying sprockets are fastened to a common axle free to rotate on ball-bearing.
Frame-marks are engraved on each sprocket and set in perfect alignment.
The punch or fogging marks impressed upon the picture and sound films, permit the perfect alignment of the different records (different picture records pertaining to one single sound record), and in course of rewinding, unwinding and inspection the different records are kept in constant alignment and in perfect synchronization.
Fig. 2
The pressure of the rollers which hold the film in position on the sprockets is controlled by springs, one end of which is fastened, as shown in the figure, to a stationary rod, while the other end is fastened to a lever which is an intrinsic part of the roller itself.
In the more recent models of the apparatus a driving wheel and handle has been attached to the axle supporting the sprockets at the end nearer the operator, so as to
Fig. 3