The book of lantern ; being a practical guide to the working of the optical (1888)

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82 THE BOOK OF THE LANTERN. pattern of very compact form is illustrated at fig. 34. In this case the by-passes are governed by taps which are adjusted by the operator with a screw-driver. This seems to be a good arrangement, as there is no chance of accidental turning off or on by a careless touch, as may happen when the by-pass taps are exposed. FIG. 34. There are one or two methods of manufacturing oxygen gas for the limelight as fast as it is used, and although, for reasons which I shall presently give, I cannot recom- mend such a procedure, the methods are ingenious enough to warrant notice. In Chadwick's apparatus there is an iron gas-holder, which forms the support of the lantern. Associated with it is a special form of retort heated by a Bunsen burner, and charged with chlorate of potash and manganese made up into a cake previously. The operator starts with a full gas-holder, and at the end of perhaps fifteen minutes, when it is nearly empty, lights the Bun- sen burner, and in a few minutes enough gas is generated to fill it once more. The retort is now charged with a fresh cake of mixture ready for once more filling the gas- holder as it sinks.