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THE BOOK OF THE LANTERN. 125 A is a base board, fixed on legs, as shown. It will be evident that a spare table, or even the top of a packing- case, would do as well, but it must be firm. Upon this base, and fixed firmly to it, is a kind of railway formed by two parallel grooves. D is a skeleton carriage furnished with two runners at the bottom which will fit the grooves in A, so as to run easily to and fro. The carriage D is also furnished with grooves, and these are for the reception of the runners affixed to the super-carriage, E. Upon E is fastened the photographic camera, the camera screw being placed through the centre hole for that purpose. In use, the picture to be copied is pinned to the back- board, F, and I may mention as a detail of some im- portance, that the little bead-headed arrangements known to drapers as " ladies' bonnet-pins " are best for the purpose. The camera is placed on E, E on D, and D placed on the rails of the baseboard, A. We thus have two separate movements at our disposal in getting the image of the copy focussed centrally on the ground glass. A furnishes the to and fro movement, and the grooves on D give the right and left movement. The board, F, runs between upright grooves, and thus we have a vertical movement. With this simple contrivance a picture can be focussed in a few seconds, and the camera all the time is bound to keep square with the copy. A 3-inch circle drawn in pencil on the ground-glass of the camera is useful as a reminder of the size to which the picture must be reduced. Lastly, this useful contrivance can serve another pur- pose. We may wish to obtain a reduced positive on glass from a larger negative. We can do this direct in the