New York Clipper (May 1856)

Record Details:

Something wrong or inaccurate about this page? Let us Know!

Thanks for helping us continually improve the quality of the Lantern search engine for all of our users! We have millions of scanned pages, so user reports are incredibly helpful for us to identify places where we can improve and update the metadata.

Please describe the issue below, and click "Submit" to send your comments to our team! If you'd prefer, you can also send us an email to mhdl@commarts.wisc.edu with your comments.




We use Optical Character Recognition (OCR) during our scanning and processing workflow to make the content of each page searchable. You can view the automatically generated text below as well as copy and paste individual pieces of text to quote in your own work.

Text recognition is never 100% accurate. Many parts of the scanned page may not be reflected in the OCR text output, including: images, page layout, certain fonts or handwriting.

NEW YORK CLIPPER. 18 ^Tdaitag tUi laUml dip It in tha wttw tad vwk ![ittneath.wUokiriU |mtljnfir«k Ub; tatso Mttr AooM b* imOlowed, or sot bon tkn * table- l]«gftal«(aUeT<Bta. Afl«itUiUttI«l«Mk,diiriB( ^ itMtolwn. ftfl., Bft7 b« iltend» tlu nauladn of lkignotlooBt7 bofllloiap by uotettMdf^paidlt." Litfctbe Nine long itotdyitroko, Bottooqaiok tkrovgh lt( v»ter or en the fetthtr, u tbtt tU luy ko«p op to itvltboBt diitren. It Is of the gieetorttoportenoe lirudi letting » orew to rov mU teiethtr. set to let IkiB At tagr tune row !■ • eenlm or tlorealy nuaner. I0I act to praotloe them when to tlied t» to hATe loit (Mr mntro! over their em Hence. I thiok, rowiog tflee« dey fer better then doing ell »t one time; and I Iji^ think thefirit ptrlod ihonld be longer Uua the lnooiid. The ereolng row ihonld be oondseted en the ne prtaelplei ea the monlsg'a work—itopplng in the Me on!/ Jut long enough to wuh the month ent, or jukee^y neoeuaryalteretloBiBtheboet. Ian few itwUl be fotmd thet by eentlaning ifceneJong _if •'peddlei" the rowing la fo nwoh ImproVied, thet iplrT may be attempted; bnt tUi ehonid be onlj lei the eoxiw^ haa out bis ^as down the oara and all fbll/ ondar ocmmand; he ahoatd then aak ^jM' U he la reedy, end. on reoeleing en anawer In ifBmtUTa. lat him cell oat to the crew to prepare « epir Thla la very neoosery In the early d«ya of ig, aa It puts all on their gnard, and after the Kg, (taady praotloe, the attention hea been In acme jdiue taken off by the nnlformlty of the etroka, and Ilka mechanical natnre of the work. Thla aplrt ahovld ^OBtlBned till the boat begins to rook, when Itia litttr (0 "eaae all" than to attempt altering the lilnke Into a milder one. I hiTB ganerally fbnnd that Ltkaliet ten daya two aplrls ineaoh pnotbe were LnghtOcntlnaedfor about forty or fifty atrokea, and bfbg one Joat before the break in the middle of tbe LitUee. and the other at tha end, By iteadily and pillmtly proceeding In thia waj, It la aetonlshlag what LpioTeaent may be cffaoted In tea daya, at whioh time itwOl be neoeeiary to begin to row the dlitanaa which b to be the eoeae of the ftatue oonteit. Whaterer that fiitaneemay be, whether with tide or egelnat stream, poislble, that aama water shonld be rowed orei twice jadayt and the time ahonid be ooreftilly taken by the tainrain. The reiaonfor thia lait proeeadlnglsnet Ljy fbr Ua information and gnldaaoo, bnt also for the (upoaeot keeping the whole crew opto their work, Itia, la flut, rowing against time, Inatead of agalnat Lelber orew, and there iaconsaqnentlyaomeemulaUon Ltdlled, whleh is one grand principle In treinlng. It is tot pohaps dealrable, nor Is It In fhot poaalble, to db' ItMM men as in a raoe; they will natnrally take infflolent of themaelrea; bat It Is qnlte Imperative that they litonld lay ont their strength daring the whole distance the seme proportion as "tha stroke." Atflratthe tfor thiaahoald be very ateady. bat after a few 17a It may be made exactly aa In the actnal raes; and the distance be whatltmay, the pace ahonid be regn- joat es woold then be done. aroliUng bunting the I, bnt at the sane time keeping the etroke as long, iBg, and qnlek aa the condltloB will allow it to be itelned. The ooxswala and stroke most amnga together, the latter feeling hia own ttrength, end iiilagkow Car Itwllilaat. and alio how much hats heoked op" by those behind him, whilst the former is to see if aay one or more Ii so mnch baked" es to islre oonslderatlon, In all this, howerer, consider- labia experience Is neoasaary; yet one grand point iii Itkat thae two shonld thoronghly co-operele. Ae 1 in remarked. It Is net my parpoae to go into the In lotions for aaing the oar or sonlls, I ahall thereibre nda this part of my snbjeet by the aisertloB, that the aboTO plan la fbUowed etrietly for three or fiiar |fe^, by a oarefi^ ooxsweln, with good Jndgmaat, ee< by a good stroke, and a strong nsefhil orew, the wing together Bod oondltlon will be as good sa that wHl be capable of wlthoat a Tory mnok longer tima jtogather. It wUlaaldem be possible to keep men together longer than thia; and If all are tolareltly good can at I beginning, and Ingood oondltlon, half thla time will long enough. Bat in the above eetlmete I em eelco' on nearly all btlng nntlalahed oers, thoogh in a [brward etate of condition. In a pair>oar or aoaUlag* it the same emonnt of work moat be dane; and then the diTlalon of praotloe Into two periods la better |tba one. In both oases the tralntr shoald be la ano jtttt boat elougelde, either aonlllng or steering a ibnr^ kr, which latter la aeoenary if the trainer Is anabtb |lo ose the sotillB, sinoe the weight In the stern will tell maoh In a pair-oar to sUow of lis keeping up with a lUer or a pair-oar wlthoat a sitter. 6, Taca.TMcirr ontbb Dat or thb Hacb,— Inereiy tiet the walUng exerolae end hreakftst be es then emoae your'orew and keep them together well aa yon can till aboat two hours before the race, 'bin they ahonid each hare a good meal of roast leg of uttoB atid bread, wlthaplat of beer, or whaterer drink jtk^ era aoonatomtd to. Tha qoanttty ahonid be raOer lithin the usaal allowance, eipeelally if the race is to [ilka place in leas than two hoars; and I amsatlsfled matton la Car better for the wind than batfbieak, loiat better than a broil. Jnat bafore stepping Into boat a wlneglaas of egged-aberry may be glren to Vman; bnt. thoogh It Is vary oommbnly used, I aia at ell sore that it U reaUy bentfloial. No douU It m power, bnt in many oaaei it appears to l^joN the ^d, and In delicate atomaoha It often prodiieaaaauee 'alais, therefore. It bee already been proved to egree, Ihonld be eautlonaly giran. If, howerer,. a lonnd b to be rowed on the aanc day, aggwl-aherry, or I similar oomponnd la raqalredi and ahonid then be en about half an hour before tha aeoond race; bnt If |o houra InterTene, a very light matl of matton and ad, with half a pint of beer may be taken aa aeon as affects of the first race are gone off, and then the of egged-sherry on gettiag again into tha boat.: SWIMMING. BTRIKINa OIF SWIUtllKa. Swufimo Is the most nsefnl of all atble'Uo acoora- pllahments, as by It homan Ufa la freqaently saved whioh might have bean aaoriaoed. It la also oseftil In the development ormnsonlar strength, as well as highly beneficial to the nervons system, and repairs the vital itanettoas when felllsg Into deoUne. In places near the sea or rivers, to know how to swim It an Indispensable MoompUehment. ThaanolantStparttoalarlytheOraeks, held the art In each high eitlnatlon as to bestow re- wards upon the most perfeot swinunen. The art of swimming is by no means dlffleolt of at- tainment, and several aothora have sapplled dlieotlons to boIUtate its acqoliltlbn. Above all thing, self-ooa- fldenoe (not rasbnets leading into danger) la reqolred; and, when this Is possessed, sU dUBonlty soon ceaaea Dr.Fianklln, himself an expert swimmer, recommends that at lint a bmlllarlty with the buoyant power of water ahonid be gained; and to acquire this, he dinoto the leaner, after advaaoing Into the water bntst high, to torn roond, so as to bring bis faoe to the ahon: heis then to let ea egg lidi In the water, which, being white, will be seen at this bottom- His oljeot most now be, by diving down with his eyes open, to reach and bring op the egg. Ho vrill eaally perceive that then Is no dangar la this experiment, as the water gets shallower, of oonne, towards ths ahon, and beoaase whenever he l)kes, by depreialng lilBfeet,hecanraisehlshead above water. The thing that will most strike beglnnen will be tha gnat diffloalty they experleaoe In fonlng themselves thnngh the water to raiMh-the tgg, In oonseqnenoe ol the great reslBtanoe the water Itself oifere to their pro- gress; and thla It ladsed the practical lestoa derivable firom the e^eriment; for the learner becomes awan of the very great snstslnlngor snpportlng power of water, and hence has oonSdenoe. The snstalnlng power Of water Is shown under many olroomitanoes: thns, a stone whioh on land reqnlres two men to remove It, might In water be eaally carried by one; A man might walk wlthoat harm on broken glaaa In deep water, beoaote Us weight la anpported by the water. This knowledge of flald support oonsUtates the groond-work of all et torts In swimming, or In seU-preservatlon from drown- ing. Doaiovs Anrovrobbibbt.— The following is a copy V>bUl posted on the walls of a vUlaga in the vlelalty Papar:—•< A ieoton on total abatlBeBoe wIU ba de- I la the epeit sir, aad a eeUtatlon will ba flMM at IdHr to defray axpeaM." FtXIKaiHC AND DtVIIia. Should a person acoldentally M Into the water, pro- vided he ntalned hIa preaenoa of mind, a knowledge of the above bets woald save him probably bom a " wa- tery gnve." The body being bat very slightly heavier than the volame ol water It dlsplaoes, will, with a very slight motion of the hands under water, float ^en the oheatls thoronghly Inflated with air, it Is Ughter than water, and floata natnially, having half the head above water; ao that the person expoied to danger has only to tarn upon hia back. In order that that half, oon- ilaUng of his faoe, with the mcntti and noatrlls, be abofo the water line. Bdt to float tbasapcn tha water, the greatest owe must be taken hot to elevate the arms or other parts above Ite surface ; and It Is In remembering this can- tlo% that pretenoe of mbd in the time of danger oon- far^ao mnch benefit; for, la the moi^t of terror, a person thrown Into the water almost Instlnotlvely stntohes out his hands aloft to grasp at tome object, thereby depriving hlnself of a means of pnoseding whioh would.frequently keep hhn afloat until sooocr a^ rived. By elevatlBt; any part of the body In this way, we nmove It from the sapport afforded by the water, and thos nnder sloking inevitable. Dr. Arnot, in alladon to this snbjeet, says that many persons an drowned who might be saved, for the fol lowing reasona;'' 1. From their believing that their constant ezsrtlons are neoeasary to preserve the body ftom sinking, and their hence attomlogthe poiltloa of a swimmer, with the flue downwards, In which the whole head most be kept cat of the water, In order to enable them to breathe whereas, when lying on the back, only the ftMe need be above the Wate^ , 2. From the groondleis fear that water entering by the ean may drawii at If It entered by the month or nose, and their empIoTlng ezertloni to pnyent this. 3. The keeping of tiie hands above water, already al- ladedto. 4. NeglectlBg to take the oppoitunlty of the Intervtls of the waves pssslog over the head, to nnew the air la their cheat by an laiplntlcn. Their not knowing tha importanoe of keeping the ohest aa fall of air aa potstblsj whioh has nearly the time effect as tying a bladder fall of air aronnd the neok woold have. Bnt allhoagh floating la water la nfflplent to preserve from imme^ate danger, this will act alone enable ns swim. To si^, doei not meaa almply to float, but to pngreas; and progfeialMi^, thla meaas depends, Ilka thafllght of bMs, apoB tha law la meehanlos of every aottoa Mag UDafMA fey ft 'Mmapoadlag naitloa, bvt iaaa oppodtadliaBUoa; and th«% aathe naotloa of the air compressed by the downward aetton ol ihabU'a wing, oautei It to meant aloft la pioportlosto the force' Itcommnnloateeby that BOtioa; ao tha backward itroke oommanloated by tb^. almallaneoaa movemetit of the biondi and feet of the swimmer, oaases his forward pro- gress In the water, mien once famlllirlsed with the support dsrlved ikom the water Itself, he soon laarns to make the straka oomotly, etpeolally If aided and sap- ported by soms nure eiperlenoed friend,—• te batter asslBtant thaa ccrka and bladdtra. rukon ADD mai vo& BiTHua abd •wmaBa. It Is presamed that most yonag lads who go to bathe will take tha oppottoalty of leanlag to swim. la crowded eltles tbere an batftw.plaoerta whioh tha yoongBter oaa learn the art; bat la the eoaatry then are many riven, ponds, eanals, or liJtti, whtre both bathing and Bwinimlag may be iadolgad In wlthoat an- Boyanoe. The beat Uad of plaoe for bathing Ii on a ehalvlag gravelly ahon, onwhtobtha water gradiuUy deepens, and when no awkward sweep ol oorraat may take the bather off hit legs. The spot shonld also be free from holes, weeds, and hard atones; and a nmddy bottom la to be avoided by all means. Shoold the banka of iDoh a spot be ahadsd (7 a few trees, and shoald then be oloee by an open , spaoe for a ma on the grass after the bathe, to mach the better; and the yoaag leamer will then have tkeehlef lodaoement to ventara the sad- den dip or headlong plohge. Cban,"—a dallgftt eqoal to thai axpedaaead by a»v child who flist Aelathathe «aa wilh faoBchair to ckalrl snimio onr ams nmaina. In strlUag off, the learatr, havlag tanad hlaaslf The best tlma of the day for batUag or awtamlag Is either before brpakbat, betweea ihe boon of sl»aBd eight la the flnmmer'^e, or between eleven and twelve o|clook In the fonnoon. Delloate ponosa ihoald not bathe early in the ibbnlng; and Lt woulid ba always well to monoh a blaoalt befiin aarly batting at all times. No one ahonid ever think of eaterlag the water, on fbll itomaoh, or Immediately after dinner, and never when ove^heatad aad axhanatedl^flktlgae. He shonld also avoid entering It when coId,ot with a headache. Before bathing, it Is best to take a moderate walk of aboat a mile, and, while the igrttem Is in a glow, to andrsss qalokly and plunge la. It Is bad to walk till yoa get hot, thea to lit down aad oool, and afterwatdt to enter the water; many have loat their Uvea by thla It la also very wrong to enter the water daring rain, at the clothes an oftea wetted or damp, whioh gives the bathsr cold. ■mRnro m watxb. Having stripped the body, the bather should eeleot the best place on the bank, for going dowa to the stresm;aBd than, proeeodlng aaaHeisly bnt qalokly, wade up to hie braasti, turn hIa head to the ahon, and dip. He th«B taohnloally, as the bajt say, gets hit plaoh over. Shonld he not be man enough to proceed In thle way, he ahoold, as sota as he gete his feet wet, spbih some yn/Mf over his head, and go Into the water Bon gndoaliy, aad try . the rapid rndi ,aDd dip when he gete bolder. He nuistnot attempt to swim or atrlke oat till he ooB nuater the feat of going into the water np to his am-pita, and till he feela himself ooafldeat and void of timidity. AIDS TO swiuurao. Haay aldshavs beta used fortj^ beneOt of young swimmsn; oorkaandbladdsnfkst'eaed under tha armt an the oommoa ones; but th«y offer daogercas temp- tations for bathentogo oat of their depth, aad then thoi)ld cramp, oold,oraoy other acoi<^t ooear,tba event maybe &taL Beildei/theie aids often slips about fton one place to another, yfp nmembar, In oar younger days, of the " oorks" clipping to tlu Ups, aad of aeeing a yoang friend, bow aa old man, suspended la the water with bis head downwiids; while ooUapilng cl bladdsn and of alrjaokets Is by ae meaaa naoommoa; The best aid to a yoong awtmrner is a Jndloloas Mend, hlniself a good swimmer, who .wIU hold up his hsad, when ho etrlkes ofl^by the " tip of the flnger to the tip of (he chin,", and who at ihe tame tlow will ihow him how io strlka:off, aad how to manage his hands aad feet. Kit aot a bad plaa to put out 'a ipar from a boat, to wliloh a rope is attaohed, iriiloh the yooagllearaer may iptk^ rak TUva. theshon,as before recommended, shoald Mltowaila tha water geatly, keeping bit haad aad aeok perflMtly. aprlght, hlalmast advancing forward, litipheitlaflatadt; then, withdnwlog the legs from the bottCB,- aat-- atntchlng tbsB oat, strike the orau forward ia|«iMk' with the legs. Thabaokoaaseaioetybetoomuh kal>. lowed, or tha.head too maoh throwa back, u those do othevwlie wUI swim with their feet too aair tlM; anrikce, Initaad of allowlag them to be aboat a fooWaai^ ••hilf deep la the water. The hands should be plaeat Jast io front of the breast, the flngan pointing fbiwst and kept olose together, with the tbanbe to the edgei et the fbre-flngers: the heads most be made ntherooacay* on the Insldai thoogh not so maoh u to dIoilalAi lli* dee. In the stroke of tha hands they ihonld be toMt Ibrward to the utmost extent, taking can that thaiy d* not tench the sarfkoe of the water; they shoald aait be swspt to the side, at a dlstaoee firom, bat as lawm, the Ups; and shoald thea be drawnap agala, by brlag- Ing the arms towaids ths tide, beading the albowa «^ wards aad the wrtsU downwards, so as to let tha haiU hang down while the aima an raiting thea to tta flnl attltade. now TO HABAOl TBI UOg. The lega, wUch ahoold he moved sltemataly wltli tkj| hands, mast be dnwa ap with tha kneas lawaids^ aal ths aoiss of the feet inclined outwards; and tlisy shoill then be thrown backwardi, as widely apart froB aaik other as poislble. Thsts moUona of the haads aad U|| may be pmotlsed oat of the water; and whilat eierei^ lag the legs, whioh oan only be done one at a tiaa, tin leamer may nat one hand on the back of a elialr t* iteady hlmieU, while he moves ths opposite leg. Waa In the water, the learner matt take oan to draw in Ug breath at the Initaat that Us hands, desoaadlog to hll hips, OBOBS his head torlae above the sarflwa of th4 water, and he ihonld exhale hIa breath at tha noasal hie body Is propelled forward thnngh the aotloa of tt« legs. If hs does aot attend pnoliely to these tulaa, ft* most invariably have a downward motlco, and aatfta boTa say, awlm fiuthest whsre It U deepest rimianio abd Bima. Then an two Uads of ploaging; (hat belooiiagt* SWUOaNO OK THC BAOE WITHOOT BUPUnKO THB BKBT. use of by afflzlng it to a belt round Us body nndir bit anna, whlota will afford him support wUIe he Isarns to, strike his legi la the wster. The rope may also be, held in the hand of a fHend, by the elde of the boat, aad the learntr may strike off hands and feet as the boit proceeds. The plaak la a dangerotis aid, (ton its ten- deney to tUp alMnt, and to take (he swiBmer oat of bla depth; and, although It has many advantagta, Is very ontafe. TkH 'liiifiit plaBof all Is, as we have before stated, (or tha Uamar to advaate gadaally np to Ua STB-pIis la the watar,' and th'eil, tdiBlag about, to strike slowly- ont toMids the. ihon, taJdng oere to keep his legs wall Bp IkoB (ha bottoob Rigid panifenuua ta this eenrBi wUl U a very short (Ibw eaaUa the (hs ysnagatai t« ftal Uaatlf afloat, aad aoTlag at" all flwnuuHa ON thb baoi. ihallow, and that bileaglng to deep water. In thallev water plonglog, the learner ihould fling hlaMU aa-,%r forward aa ponlble into the stream at a yery obUq;M angle; ahd when he (oabhes (he witar, he aheoli 1 his bead, keep Us back hoUow, aad itnteh hlf 1 forward. la the deep-water plnnge. Us body Is to %^ Kiad'ata gnater angle; Us arms an to be stntoMt out, bis haads closed and pointed, and Us body b^il^ so tha( Ua BOSS alB0s( (oaohsB Ua (on. Diving is oaa of the greatest amnseBeats oonaetiaA with awianilBg. Then ere maay kinds; the two asfil oommoa and easiest and nioessaiy aodes of going bskv the sarfkoe, are, L The feet-foremott Joap. S. Thebeaa-fcreBostJaap. In the flrat, the Itgi, armt, and head an to be kifl> ptrfeotly rigid and tdft The pupU mast oot^aHair feu, or (he strange saaaatlon felt In Ihe bowels la ,le(9> lag firom oonalderable heights, io Indooe him to s^nit ths arms or logs, or to bend his body. la the aaoond mode, or hesd-foremostplaage«—whifh Is thesafestaodefor perMos who weheavlljfbalUijAAift the chest aad shonlders, if ,ttey havo to enter the wr^ flroB heli^ts,—tha h«ad Is dnwa dowa opoa ths the aims otntchid forward, aad hands oloiod (0 apettl^ and assooa as (he swlaaerfeele (hatha hutoftika bank, Us kaees, wUbh till ihen wen beat, ore to H stlffeasd. The diver anit avoid strlklagoa tha kd^»-> the genanl conieqaeooe of fear; aad tonlag OT#f a* as to ooae dowa oa Us beck or side—the oonstqaaaiM of poablng with (he faet.' Whea he hugoae u dMy;aB he wtshss, (ha arms an (0 be raised and presto^ 4om* wards. •WDoaBO CBDBB vAm,. When under (ha wa(er, (he ewlamer nuf ei(h« move la the oioal way, or keep hl| haads atretohsd ba* fors Urn, which will enable him to ont tha water 1 ,,iiAU7,ahd greatly nlleve the ahast. If he oh ttit'U ^proiohM too niar the suthoe of the wateiVl* iftV^ttfreasthepalmsofUshoadsapwardt. Iflie.TfjMlM to dive to thebottoa, hemait tnra the pala^^'otklB opwardt, Btriklng with them repeatedly aad npll^ wbllat the feet an reposing; and when he bU obtalBeA a perpsndlcalar position, hs shonld atntoh oat Uahsaia like flitlen, aad. make the usual iimreaent wtthhta f^t^theaha wUldaaoend with gnal; npldlty to (M bottOBL It is well (0 aocostoB ttil 'lijfes (o opsa (hipip ailvef aad«r (hs water, at laasl la (hose bedi'i that admit iki Ugh(, u It wtD enable tha l^nMSitt sio«rtala(bade|thofint«rhalaIa. '^li eoBTiaesa Bstc waaa. .