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selves. This self has been formed out of a complexity of influences and causes — of heredity, environment, education, and one's own particular habits of thought, feeling and action. It is the sum of the individual's racial life added to the forces without and within himself which are shaping his present life and carrying him on to the future.
All of which brings us again in touch with the word psychology, that science of the evolution of man's self -hood. Forces of which he is both conscious and unconscious are taking part in this evolution. In a textbook of this kind we must confine ourselves largely to the study of the forces of heredity and environment.
A man inherits not only from his immediate ancestors, but also from the race. He inherits from men and women who died thousands of years before he was born. He inherits from ancestors who lived under kings and feudal lords, and from those who lived in tribes. He inherits from savage ancestors. So the ancestral struggle — the ancestral drama — is continually going on within each of us. We are always in conflict with some selfish or bestial trait of character.
FUNDAMENTAL EMOTIONS AND IMPULSES
Because of these racial inheritances men of every nationality have the same selfish and unselfish instincts; the same passions of love, hate and fear. Man has, too, the same fundamental ideals of courage, justice, loyalty, etc. When we say of a photodrama that it makes an universal appeal, it is because its dominant interest is impelled by these universal inheritances.
It is because of environment that characters differ. Heredity is very old. But one's environment begins at birth.
What is environment? The home, the town or country into which one is born? Yes, it is these and more. It is everything which shapes a man's individual life for good or ill. It is his family, his relatives and friends, the women he loves, the one he marries and his children. It is his education, his work, his play, his religion, his politics. It is the food he eats and the air he breathes. It is the beauty or ugliness of his surroundings. It is his wealth or poverty. It is the prejudices or conventions
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