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HANDBOOK OF KINE M ATOGR APH Y. 155 of the Seaborne cleaning machine, the outlay on film cleaning works out at approximately 4Jd. per thousand feet, so that even were picture theatres to instal it as an adjunct, the present they would be making the renting houses by cleaning the worst of the film before showing would not be excessive, while for the renting houses themselves film cleaning may now be said to have become an imperative demand. The cost of the Seaborne is not high. That of the Debrie Film Cleaner is considerably more, but then, as has already been explained, the firm of Debrie (English agents, Messrs. Brockliss) makes no bid for cheapness considering only quality in the goods it sends upon the market. A glance will serve to show that the principle utilised for cleaning and wiping the film band in the Debrie and Seaborne machines is very similar. Another ingenious Debrie machine which we mention here for the sake of convenience is the ' Naming and Brushing Machine/ shown (illustration 125). To the operator, the chief interest of this little contrivance will lie in the fact that it is by means of it (or some other similar arrangement) that the maker's name is put on the edge of the positive film he shows. As a matter of fact, the work is accomplished by means of an enclosed incandescent electric light shining through a rotary stencil plate over which the as yet unexposed positive film stock passes after brushing free from dust by the little brush wheels shown in the illustration. Fig. 126 shows how such named film would develop were it placed in the developing bath without intermediate printing behind the usual kinematograph negative by means of a ' printer/ as described in the chapter on Print- ing (Part I.) By the way, those in search of an inexpensive hand printer may be interested in the concluding illustration (fig. 127). The Wal- turdaw printer can be had for £18. To enumerate every projector, arc lamp, resistance, and the hundreds of other adjuncts to the modern operating box now on the market would necessitate a book three or four times the size of the present, we have therefore endeavoured to present a representative selection and have pointed out the characteristics and leading features of each item. Makers of apparatus have seen the value of producing exhaustive and detailed catalogues and lists, fully illustrated and descriptive of their goods. To those about to purchase, therefore, who desire a further knowledge of the respective "points" of the appliances we commend the price lists and also the fact that makers are only too ready to give demonstrations and advice when asked for. Finally, there is one thing we desire to agitate for, as being a necessity to all well-governed operating rooms, and that is that the iron fire shutter should be of an improved make that can readily be relied upon in all cases of emergency. Among the best we have seen on the market are those with the strong lever releasing gear, which is controlled from both the inside and the outside. Messrs. Jukes, Coulson, Stokes