The history of three-color photography (1925)

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CHAPTER XXI STEREOSCOPIC PICTURES WITH AUTOCHROMES The use of the Autochrome or other screen-plate for stereoscopic work would seem to be a natural application, for then one would have the beauty of color added to the charm of relief. But there is always a great liability for the individual screen elements appearing far too prominent in the stereoscope. In connection with this point the possible explanation is to be found in a paper by E. Grimsehl1 (p. 572), and he pointed out that if an obliterated German 10 pfennig, red stamp is examined with both eyes through a magnifying glass of about four inches diameter, the obliteration appears to stand about 2 or 3 millimeters above the plane of the paper. This does not appear with a 5 pfennig, green stamp; the effect is due to the color of the stamp. It does not appear when a black letter is drawn on a piece of red paper, only when the letter is drawn in red on white, that is a fine network of red lines on white paper, and with a black design. It is especially noticeable with a wide-meshed net in those parts of the letter lying on the red lines, whereas those parts lying in-between on the white ground appear sunken in. If also a series of concentric circles are drawn alternately with green or blue, black, red, black, etc., ink without white interspaces, when viewed with binocular vision through a reading glass; the green will appear sunken in. The black circles appear also raised where their edges touch the red, and sunken in where they touch the green. This phenonemon is due to the chromatic aberration which the rays experience as they pass through the edges of the glass. This, however, does not explain the following fact: if a large number of black, green and red dots are made on a sheet of white paper in irregular arrangement, about 2 millimeters apart, and if they be examined through a reading glass, the green dots appear in front, behind them are the black and further off still the red. On a black ground the visual appearance is reversed. In many three-color prints, made with a coarse screen, the three colors appear, when examined through a glass, in different planes, the red on top, then the yellow and finally the blue, each being 1 to 2 millimeters from each other. If two separate reading glasses are used, of about 12 centimeters focus, one for each eye, the effect is reversed. On looking through the center of the lenses, there is no stereoscopic effect, only when the edges are used. If the inner edges of the lenses are used the effect is reversed. With achromatic lenses no such effect is seen. M. von Rohr2 commenting on this, pointed out that Sir David 566