International photographer (Jan-Dec 1934)

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.military. 1934 The INTKRNATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHE Seven edgment will be made to the individual submitting such material. Do not hesitate to submit any material which you may think will be of interest to other miniature camera workers. It is only through such an exchange of ideas that definite progress can be realized. We are also interested in obtaining photographs made with miniature cameras, which will illustate the type of work that can be produced with small cameras. Some individuals may hesitate to send in material thinking that what they have to offer will not be of any interest to other photographers. I will ask that readers of this department banish such thoughts and submit all material they have to offer. Allow us to judge whether your material will be of interest to other readers or not, and bear in mind that you will be given full credit for your offering. Let us now consider some concrete branch of miniature photography. The choice of film seems to puzzle many small camera workers. It is surprising that most workers are not acquainted with all the films available for their camera. They have knowledge of only the more popular brands, and are entirely '.gnorant of other makes. I am listing below practically all the roll films and cine films suitable for miniature camera work, which are available to the photographer. Motion Picture Films Agfa Fine-Grain Plenachrome (Orthochromatic) , Agfa Superpan (Panchromatic), DuPont Orthochromatic, DuPont Panchromatic, DuPont Special Panchromatic, DuPont Superior (Panchromatic), DuPont Micropan (Panchromatic), DuPont Infra-D (Ortho-Pan), Eastman Kodak Orthochromatic, Eastman Panatomic (Panchromatic), Eastman Kodak Panchromatic, Eastman Kodak Type 2 (Panchromatic), Eastman Kodak Super sensitive Panchromatic, Gevaert Superchrome Express (Orthochromatic), Gevaert Orthochromatic , Mimosa Extrema (Orthochromatic), Perutz Orthochromatic, Perutz Persenso (Orthochromatic), Selo Orthochromatic, Selo Panchromatic. Roll-Films Agfa Fine-Grain Plenachrome (Orthochromatic), Agfa Superpan (Panchromatic), Eastman Verichrome (Orthochromatic), Eastman Panatomic (Panchromatic), Eastman Supersensitive Panchromatic, Gevaert Orthochromatic, Gevaert Superchrome Express (Orthochro Portrait shot by the Rolleiflex Camera. matic), Perutz Persenso (Orthochromatic), Voigtlander (Orthochromatic ) . Although more cine films are available, the possessor of the roll-film camera will notice that with one excep tion (Infra-D) he has at his disposal every type of film available to the cine film camera owner. Roll-films can also be secured in orthochromatic, panchromatic, and supersensitive panchromatic types. Infra-D film is sensitized to infra red rays. Although very sensitive to the red end of the spectrum, this film is practically blind to green, hence its classification as an ortho-pan film. It is used to simulate moonlight effects, and to penetrate haze when photographing from the air, or where it is essential to record detail at great distances. Haze in the atmosphere is caused by the droplets of moisture which reflect and scatter the shorter wave-lengths of light (ultra-violet, violet and blue). The longer wave lengths of light (red, and infra-red) pass through the atmospheric particles of moisture without being deviated from their course. Since films are generally greatly sensitive to the shorter wave-lengths of light, haze is readily reproduced. If Infra-D film is used in conjunction with a deep red filter, all blue, violet and ultra-violet light will be kept from being reproduced, whereas the red and infra-red light will act upon the film. All haze is eliminated and great distances are reproduced in detail. The filter factors for this film in bright sunlight are as follows : Filter Factor K2 16 A 64 F 64 70 64 88 90 When used without a filter Infra-D film behaves like an orthochromatic emulsion. The night effect produced with Infra-D film in conjunction with a deep red filter, is due to the fact that the sky is normally blue, is kept from being recorded on the negative, and in the subsequent print it therefore appears black. Trees usually reproduce with their green leaves white, appearing as if they were bathed with soft moonlight. This is due to the fact that the green leaves reflect a great amount of infra-red light, and therefore greatly affect the film. Infra-D film, as well as other cine films, may be purchased either in daylight loading spools, or in bulk. Following the line of least resistance, as is customary with us humans, it is a fact that the majority of photographers resort to daylight loading spools rather than purchasing their film in bulk. You may as well be informed that buying your film in rolls of 100 feet will bring down the cost of negative material to a negligible amount. E. Leitz supplies a useful little gadget with which the film can be easily loaded onto the spool. It is merely necessary to supply yourself with two or more magazines and keep them loaded with film, and you will always have negative material at hand. You can also obtain from them a trimming guide with which the film can be cut in the correct fashion to be loaded into the camera. Although it may seem trivial let me remind you that it would be advisable to wash, and thoroughly dry your hands before loading bulk film into magazines. A small dirt smudge left on the film will ruin a negative. Also hande the film only at its edges at all times. Even though you may have diligently washed your hands, the action of loading the film may cause them to prespire. Moisture coming in contact with the delicate emulsion is apt to cause spots in the subsequently developed negative. Some photographers may raise the objection that they wish to try the various films available, and to purchase them all in quantities of 100 feet, the films would be long outdated before they would have the opportunity of exposing such a large quantity of sensitive material. I do not object to an individual experimenting with various films. After having tried them all, he should select one or two films that are best suited to his purpose, and by (Turn to Page 18) Please mention The International Photographer when corresponding with advettisers.