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Sound Film Processes. W. STULL. Photo-Era, 63, August, 1929, pp. 70-5. Wax disk and sound-on-film, both variable area and variable density methods of sound film processes, are described. Two processes, the Paramount and the Gaumont-Petersen-Poulsen, record the sound on a separate film and later print it on the picture positive. Recording practice as well as reproduction are described.
Sound Film as Adjunct in Medicine, Law, and Criminal Practice. H. ROOM. Kinotechnik, 11, Aug. 20, 1929, pp. 430-1. The author stresses the value of sound pictures in fields outside of the amusement field, such as in medicine, law, and criminal practice. Actual voice recording of wills, testimony at trials, property sales, and other uses would make records of greater value and accuracy than written records.
Interchangeability of Sound Equipment. R. H. CRICKS. Kinemat. Weekly, 151, Sept. 12, 1929, p. 176. Original standards in sound equipment were set by the Western Electric Co., the sound track being 0.1 inch in width and situated at the right-hand side of the projector gate; it is separated from its corresponding picture by 19 frames. There is a possibility that a 56 mm. or even a 63 mm. film will make its appearance. The existing standard is not claimed to be the best theoretically, but inventors should bear in mind that it is the most expedient. The most suitable ratio for disk synchronization would appear to be a record speed of 80 rpm. with a film speed of 90 ft. per minute, or 18 pictures to the revolution of the record. The prime essential for disk synchronization is a good start; this could be effected more easily by widening the first groove to Vis inch so that the needle could be merely dropped into it, without the necessity for a minute examination of the disk.
Rational Film. L. GAUMONT. Bull. soc. fran$. phot., 16, March, 1929, pp. 59-61. The author suggests leaving room between the picture and the perforations on both sides for two sound records as might be required if right and left side microphones and reproducers were employed for simulating normal binaural hearing. Alternating these, two sound tracks could be reserved for non-synchronized speech in various languages. Also a method of superimposing the sound and picture records is suggested. The sound record would consist of variations in ultra-violet or infra-red transmission which would not interfere with the picture projection and the picture image would not interfere with the sound reproduction owing to a "special" treatment. The area between the perforations and the edge of the film could be used for operating noise effect machines.
Photographic Problems of the Variable Density Sound Films. R. SCHMIDT. Filmtechmk, 5, Apr. 27, Aug. 3, 1929, pp. 194-7, 334-6; Sci. Ind. Phot., 9, August, 1929, pp. 86-8. A theoretical discussion of the photographic relations of density, transparency, and contrast of negative and positive films and the conditions for obtaining correct sound rendering with variable density systems.
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