Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers (1930-1949)

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506 J. I. CRABTREE AND H. D. RUSSEU, [J. S. M. p. E. With the 2 per cent bath, the hardening properties on exhaustion with D-76 at 85°F. were inferior to those of the other baths investigated (Fig. 13). Revival with acid every 100 feet per gallon increased the hardening action at these points but the hardening decreased rapidly on further exhaustion. After 300 feet of film per gallon had been processed, satisfactory hardening properties were not maintained. The low temperature at which the film reticulated before each 100 ZOO 300 400 500 <bOO TOO &00 FIG. 13. Effect of exhaustion with acid revival on the hardening properties of a plain 2 per cent chrome alum stop bath (D-76 developer, 85 °F.). revival indicates that the bath should have been revived more frequently. The age of the stored samples had little effect on the hardening properties. SUMMARY The function of a chrome alum stop bath is to arrest development and harden the emulsion before fixing. It also prolongs the life of an alum fixing bath by virtue of preventing the addition of alkali. This, in turn, serves to maintain the hardening properties of the fixing bath and prevent sludging. At normal temperatures it is not necessary to harden the gelatin coating of motion picture film to the extent produced by chrome