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SOUND FILMS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUCTION P. E. TRUESDALE*
In order to establish harmonious and profitable relationships with a new element of individuals among students of science, it is essential to know something of their origin, their habits, ambitions, and ideals. At this particular crossroads in the progress of your industry I make your acquaintance as a member of a profession which, by the assistance of the modern allied sciences, has been able to merge out of an age of mysticism, sorcery, and ignorance.
The earliest institutions for the teaching of medicine were situated in temples and groves dedicated to the worship of gods who were supposed to preside over the health of the population. Thus, in Egypt the god, Osiris, and his wife, Isis, were the tutelary deities of the medical arts, and in Greece the god of health was Aesculapius. The temples were situated in the neighborhood of streams and springs which were supposed to possess healing qualities. One of the most famous of these ancient temples was that located on the Island of Cos; its most celebrated disciple was Hippocrates who flourished early in the 4th century B.C. and whose teachings ruled medical science even to the close of the eighteenth century. Throughout Italy the same methods prevailed, the Romans deriving most of their medical knowledge from the Greek teachers. Galen, the greatest of all anatomists, was a native of Perganum where there was a famous medical school in which he was educated. Greek teachers were also responsible for the rise of the Arabian school of medicine.
Not until the 6th century was the teacher of medicine divorced from his religious functions although even down to the medieval period much of the medical learning of the world appertained to the priesthood. During this early period anatomy was the basic subject taught in the medical schools. Since it was considered a desecration of the human body to examine it after death, progress was greatly encumbered. Nevertheless, taking a look into the work
* Truesdale Hospital, Fall River, Mass.
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