Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers (1930-1949)

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674 J. I. CRABTREE AND H. D. RUSSELL [J. S. M. p. E. and diluting them from day to day to compensate for evaporation since the first tests showed that some of the solutions retained their hardening properties longer when stored in bottles. The results are shown in Table II. Sludging Properties. — Tests were made to determine the sludging tendencies of the various baths listed in Table II before any definite judgment could be made as to the relative values of the various formulas. Quantities (50 cc.) of the different fixing baths were placed in small glass bottles having wide mouths. Various quantities of a highly alkaline developer containing 5 per cent sodium carbonate (desiccated) were then added to the solutions and after shaking they were stored at room temperature. The solutions were then observed TABUS III TIME (DAYS) REQUIRED FOR A PRECIPITATE TO FORM IN FIXING BATHS *No. Cc. of Developer Added to 100 Cc. of Fixing Bath 0.0 1.0 2.5 5.0 10.0 15.0 14 14-S >15 >15 3-Cr Im. Im. 17 7-S 7-S >15 Im. Im. Im. 7 10-S >15 >15 2-Cr Im. Im. 50 7-S 14-S >15 <l-Cr Im. Im. 51 14-S >15 >15 5-Cr Im. Im. 52 7-S 7-S >15 Im. Im. Im. 28 14-S >15 >15 2-Cr >l-Cr Im. 29 7-S 7-S 15-S <l-Cr Im. Im. 32 7-S 7-S 15-S Im. Im. Im. 56 14-S >15 >15 8-Cr 6-Cr 3-Cr 57 15-S >15 >15 3-Cr <l-Cr <l-Cr 27 >15 >15 >15 >15 >15 >15 * Compositions are given in Table II. S = Precipitate of Sulfur. Cr = Precipitate of Chromium Hydroxide. Im. = Immediate Precipitate of Chromium Hydroxide. daily and the times required to precipitate either sulfur or a chromium sludge noted. The results are recorded in Table III. A SUITABLE CHROME ALUM FIXING BATH FORMULA FOR MOTION PICTURE WORK It was considered that for motion picture work the fixing bath should not harden the film excessively but it should maintain its hardening properties on keeping, should not sludge on the addition of a relatively large quantity of developer, and should not sulfurize within a period of one to two days at 110°F. which corresponds roughly to