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24 IVES AND KUNZ July
0-200 F, and the Rochester Manufacturing Co. Model No. 1758, Range 0-200 F.
2. Thermostats for Liquid Solutions. In the circulatory systems described, the simplest types of on-off thermostats have been used successfully when located immediately downstream of low-lag type heaters. Industrial-type thermostats with thin stainless-steel protective wells, such as the Fenwal Thermoswitch A-7100 (well extra), can be used. In differently arranged systems or in case equipment is to be operated with both refrigeration and heating elements or for long periods without checking, it is likely that more elaborate controls will be required. Tempered water can be obtained most conveniently by the use of thermostatic mixers, such as the "HE" series furnished by Powers Regulator Co.
3. Solution Healer. Highly responsive electric resistance heaters sheathed in stainless steel and fitted for insertion in threaded pipe are well suited to use in the small recirculating systems. For example, in the 90-fpm machine, a 4,000-w multiple-connection ScrewIn Immersion Heater, Model No. 3-887, supplied by the American Instrument Co. with U-shaped heating coils, provides for rapid heating in the warm-up period and then operation with lower wattage when the 120 F level has been reached. At an ambient temperature of 70 F and with 70 F replenisher flowing in at the rate of 300 ml a minute, a 1000-w heater must operate almost continuously to maintain temperature at 120 F in the 90-fpm machine described. The switching relay can be made to rearrange the load connections automatically in proper sequence.
4 Solution Heat Exchanger. The heat exchanger can be assembled from standard stainless-steel pipe and fittings chosen to suit the length of the heating coils and to assure full velocity of the circulated liquid.
5. Solution Filters. All spray systems should be equipped with strainers of 50 to 100-mesh wire screen just upstream of the distributing manifold to prevent clogging of nozzles. Stainless-steel cloth is available for this use in any degree of fineness needed. A coarser screen should be installed in the outlet from the sump to protect the pump. A filter, such as the Fulflo (Commercial Filters Corp.) Model ABR-8, but specified in stainless steel instead of the usual brass, can be used with the disposable 8-in. filter cell, 1541 KCOSS-1, which consists of cotton fiber wound on a stainless-steel wire-mesh core. However, the need for a filter should be established relative to the type of use because the rapid purging in these small systems minimizes sludge accumulation.