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FOR MANAGERS AND OPERATORS 655
be lighted and will burn until the plug is removed. Suppose we wish to form a figure 3. It would be only necessary to insert the plugs in the sockets indicated, in order to outline the figure 3 on the board, wherever it might be placed. In using such a plug board it is advisable to have a pattern of the various figures and letters it is desired to use. Patterns may be made of cardboard.
Where printed programmes are used it is quite possible to install such a board at the side of the stage, with the plug board and the switch controlling the supply wires located in the operating room, within convenient reach of the operator. He can then plug in any desired number and illuminate the same by merely throwing in the switch, i. e. : Supposing he is running reel 2, the next being, of course, reel 3, which is described on the programme under that number. He prepares Fig. 3 by placing the plugs in position in the board, and as reel 2 is finished he throws in the switch, illuminating Fig. 3, thus allowing the audience to look at the programme while the next reel is being threaded or during the interval between the two reels. Where only one number is to be used the board can be made very small, and it is riot necessary to use more than two or three c. p. lamps, these being of the proper voltage of course. Such a board can be used to decided advantage in many ways. The lamps, if used within the auditorium, should be frosted or else heavily colored. It is possible to so connect the various figures through batteries of switches that the plug arrangement is unnecessary. This is more costly, and the plug serves every purpose. It is quite possible to substitute single pole, single throw switches, or ordinary snap switches in place of the plugs. The arrangement shown in Fig. 311 is much the best for programme announcements.
Electric Meters
WHAT is known as the watt-hour meter is the instrument now used for the measuring of electric current. The measurement is in watt-hours, which simply means that a certain number of watts have been used for a certain number of hours, one watt used for one hour being the unit of measurement. The principle of operation of these meters is as follows: The dials which record the consumption are operated by a small motor which is placed in series with the current consuming apparatus. The motor is so constructed that if it were operated at a pressure of one volt for a period of one hour during which time one ampere of current flowed, it would record one watt, or one "watt