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FOR MANAGERS AND OPERATORS 659
start with, followed by 000 and a 1, or a total of 1,000,900 watthours.
Caution. — Before reading your meter you must ascertain whether it has a direct reading register or one with a multiplying constant. Some meters are not direct reading, but require that the dial reading be multiplied by a constant in order to obtain the complete reading. This is for the purpose of keeping meters of various capacities of fairly uniform size. If the constant were not used, meters of larger capacity would be of greater dimensions than those of smaller capacity. If the register face bears the words "multiply by 3" you must multiply the actual reading by 3 to obtain the true value. If it reads multiply by any other number, then multiply the actual reading by whatever the given number may be.
The manager or operator should always read the meter when the company's man reads it, and make a record of the reading in a book kept for that purpose. He may then at any time figure his light bill by the simple process of reading the meter, subtracting from this reading the last company reading, and then by multiplying that amount by his rate he can tell precisely what he owes at any given time. Suppose, for instance, when the man reads the meter it registers 297,480 watt-hours, that being the tenth of the month. On the 20th you take another reading and find that it registers 447,580 watt-hours. Subtract one from the other and you find that you have consumed 150,100 watt-hours (we assume a watthour register) or 150.1 kilowatt-hours. Supposing your rate to be 7 cents per kilowatt-hour: 150.1 X 7 = $10.50, which will be your current consumption bill for that period.
Maximum Demand Indicators. — Companies base their charge to a considerable extent on the amount of current used, the large consumer getting a lower rate than the small consumer. This is but right and fair, since the proportionate overhead expense is much greater for a small consumer than for a large one. However, in some cases where the load is intermittent, the price to the consumer is based on what is known as the "maximum demand" rate. That is to say if the power consumption at any time exceeds a certain fixed amount for an appreciable period of time, there is an additional charge for the extra power. One form of demand instrument known as the "Wright Demand Indicator" can be used to register or record the highest amount of power used for a period of five minutes or more during any certain period. For instance, where a demand indicator is installed, assuming your normal current consumption to be 50 amperes,