The motion picture projectionist (Nov 1931-Jan 1933)

14 Motion Picture Projectionist November, 1931 the film and an enlarged image is thrown on the scanning mechanism which breaks it down into the sixty lines or strips. The film moves continuously through the gate, and not intermittently as in screen work. Each hole of the scanning disc traces a line across the film, while the movement of the film serves as the line spacer. Sight and Sound Programs Sound films lend themselves particular well to sight-and-sound broadcast programs. So far, the television pick-up makes use of sound-on-disc films, with the disc turntable driven by a flexible shaft. In the near future, we shall be handling sound-onfilm subjects by the conventional means, making available for television programs the growing library of "talkies." The sound accompaniment is as desirable in television as in motion pictures, if not more so, since it makes up for the shortcomings of the reproduced image. Transmission of Detail It is surprising even to television workers to note the amount of detail that may be transmitted by means of a properly designed film pick-up. With our latest equipment, such as is installed in the WGBS— W2XCR sight-and-sound broadcasting studios on Fifth Avenue, New York City, standard motion picture films are handled with excellent results. Even with several figures, intricate backgrounds and subtle rather than broad action, the pictures are transmitted over the air and received with sufficient detail for ready understandability. Proper selection of film subjects of course assures the best possible images over the air. Television is the projection of stage and screen out into space for the purpose of reaching an unlimited audience. In the case of the direct pickup, the performers and speakers must face the microphone and photo-electric cells which are the ears and the eyes of the audience out beyond the four walls of the studio. In the case of film pick-up, the performers face the usual camera and microphone; and the film, projected on a scanning mechanism, is viewed by an electric eye so that it may be flashed to the invisible audience. Radio gave the heretofore silent screen its voice. Today the motion picture industry can reciprocate by giving the infant television art its basic program material. In this manner can the television industry most rapidly replace its experimental programs with programs of genuine entertainment value, available to an audience throughout the land. A New Departure In Spotlights By Herbert A. Kliegl In the article which follows, Mr. Kliegl describes a new type of heavy duty booth spotlight, which has recently been placed on the market. The unit possess many novel and attractive features, such as positive color slide control, unique construction which permits of effective air cooling, and special shutter controls. The author is vice president and treasurer of Kliegl Brothers Universal Electric Stage Lighting Company. — The Editor. THE booth spotlight of today must not only be able to pick out an individual or a group, but must also permit the flooding of the entire stage and orchestra pit, be adaptable Fig. 1. The New Spotlight for special lighting effects, give perfect colored lisrht, and above all permit the accomplishment of all of these things quickly and with a surety of action and a minimum of effoit. The unit described in the following paragraphs answers the requirements of the projectionist of the modern theatre, in that it possesses all of these desirable qualities combined with a greater ease and flexibility of control than ever before offered. It provides in a single unit, everything that may be needed in the operation of a projector — having all the controls centralized, and fitted with every accommodation that makes for speedy, convenient, and easy operation. The Arc Equipment The spotlight is equipped with a 100 ampere arc lamp, recommended for any distance up to 150 feet. It gives an intensely brilliant, soft-edge spot, or a flood of light ranging from a four foot spot to a seventy foot spread at the afore-mentioned throw. The outfit operates at high efficiency. It is furnished with accessories for white lighting, color lighting, framing, fading, and all standard effects. It is especially applicable in theatres for spotlighting and floodlighting performers, stage settings, organists or the entire personnel of the orchestra Fig. 2. Interior View pit with clear or colored light, and also for the projection of special stage lighting effects from the motion picture booth. Lamp House Features The lamp housing, while it resembles in general appearance the types in ordinary use, is really quite different in construction, and embodies a newly patented arrangement which prevents the outside walls of the housing from becoming unbearably hot to the touch, as is usually the case with heavy current arc spotlights. A double walled type of construction is used, which permits a stream of air to pass constantly between the inner and the outer wall, thus preventing the outer wall from becoming hot. It is important to note that this air never enters the hood itself, but is confined to the area between the walls. The heat of the arc is dissipated rapidly by another air stream which enters the bottom of the lamp housing and passes directly through and out of top of the housing, without being deflected by baffles. The special, patented air vent, in the top of the housing, permits the accomplishment of this direct draft without light leakage. The lamp housing is fitted with an 8" lens and a large self-closing spring door on one side, permitting easy access to the interior for changing carbons. A spring trap-door in the bottom of the housing allows for the removal of dirt and carbon particles, and several peepholes, fitted with ruby glass, permit inspection of the arc in operation. The arc lamp is of the hand feed type of improved design, 100 ampere rating, with rear controls that permit smooth and speedy adjustments of the arc and carbon in every possible way that may be required for perfect operation. The bottom carbon has a right and left adjustment as well as an adjustment which brings the carbon frontward or backward, with respect to the upper carbon, for correct alignment. (Continued on page 16)