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TEE GREATEST OF ENGINEERING FEATS
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driven deep in the rock and lined with concrete. There are 7 pressure tunnels, totaling 17 miles, with a diameter of about 14 feet. A shaft at each extremity connects each pressure tunnel with the adjacent portions of the aqueduct. Steel-pipe siphons are used in valleys where the rock is not sound or where for other reasons pressure tunnels would be impracticable. These steel pipes are made of plates riveted together, from 7-16 to 3-4 inch in thickness, and are 9 feet and 11 feet in diameter. They will be lined with 2 inches of cement mortar, embedded in concrete and covered with an earth embankment. In all there are 14 of these siphons, aggregating 6 miles.
At that picturesque spot four miles above West Point, where BreakneckMountain on fhe east faces Storm King on the west, the Catskill aqueduct passes under the Hudson at a depth of 1,100 feet. Approaching Manhattan, the Catskill strikes Cro
ton reservoir, where its course continues 500 feet under ground.
Near White Plains is located the Kensico reservoir, which will act as a safeguard should accident befall the Catskill aqueduct at any point above. It has also been embodied in an act of legislature that adjacent towns may secure their water supply from Kensico, so that this reservoir will at some future date become a distributing point.
In Yonkers will be located the Hill View reservoir, covering 163 acres and with a capacity of nearly a billion gallons. This reservoir will control and distribute into the city the water which has come down by way of the Catskill aqueduct from Ashokan and Kensico.
And now the engineer meets with the problem of placing city conduits without tearing up the streets or striking the subways and other subterranean passages and pipe lines which underlie the city. From Hill
TUNNELLING A PATHWAY FOR THE CATSKILL AQUEDUCT IN WESTCHESTER COUNTY