Optic projection : principles, installation and use of the magic lantern, projection microscope, reflecting lantern, moving picture machine (1914)

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CENTERING THE MAGIC LANTERN [CH. I FIG. 19. CONCENTRIC CIRCLES ON THE FACE OF THE CONDENSER, SHOWING THE SIZE OF THE CIRCLE OF LlGHT WITH VARIOUS POSITIONS OF THE RADIANT. When the radiant is at the proper distance, the entire face of the condenser is illuminated (l). As the radiant and condenser are separated the part illuminated becomes smaller and smaller (2-4). (See also fig. 20). cylinder of approximately parallel rays between the two elements of the condenser, and will fully light the face of the second element. One can determine this easily by putting a sheet of white paper over the face of the condenser which is toward the objective. If the radiant is in the right place the entire face will be light. If the radiant is too far off, only a part of the face will be illuminated (fig. 19). If the radiant is too close the face will be lighted, but the light will be diverging between the condenser lenses. In this case a part of the light falls outside the second element and is lost. There is liable also to be a defective screen image (fig. 28) . One can get the condenser at the right distance from the lamp by first separating the lamp and condenser a considerable distance and then gradually bringing them closer and closer together until the condenser face is just filled with light. Sometimes the radiant is put nearer than the principal focal distance on purpose, so as to correct in part for the lack of proper proportion between the condenser and the objective (ยง 56).