Optic projection : principles, installation and use of the magic lantern, projection microscope, reflecting lantern, moving picture machine (1914)

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CENTERING THE MAGIC LANTERN [CH. I FIG. 20 A. CONDENSER FACE WITH THE SPOT OF LIGHT IN THE MIDDLE, SHOWING THAT THE LAMP AND CONDENSER ARE ON THE SAME Axis. FIG. 20 B. CONDENSER FACE WITH THE SPOT OF LIGHT OUT OF THE CENTER. THIS SHOWS THAT THE CONDENSER AND LAMP ARE NOT ON ONE Axis. To get the appearance here shown the lamp must be pulled back considerably beyond the principal focus of the first element of the condenser. will appear in the center (fig. 20). This can be easily seen by holding a piece of paper against the condenser face. In case the two are not properly aligned, the white spot on the paper will appear outside the center, at the right or left, above or below. On account of the inverting effect of lenses the arc light will be too far from the center in just the opposite direction from the spot of light. For example, in figure 2oB the light spot is too far to the left, consequently the crater of the positive carbon must be too far to the right. One should change it to the left by the adjusting screws until the circle of light appears exactly in the middle (fig. 20 A). § 58. Optical test for centering the condenser and the objective.— After the condenser and the radiant are properly centered, and the radiant put at the principal focus of the condenser one can tell whether the objective is on the same axis by looking at both ends of the objective when it is at the proper distance from the condenser (fig. 1-2). If the objective is in line with the lamp and the condenser the spot of light from the condenser can be seen in the middle of the