Optic projection : principles, installation and use of the magic lantern, projection microscope, reflecting lantern, moving picture machine, fully illustrated with plates and with over 400 text-figures (1914)

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CH. I] TROUBLES WITH THE MAGIC LANTERN 53 SHADOWS AND RESTRICTION IN THE Disc OF LIGHT ON THE SCREEN § 83. The radiant, i. e., the crater of the upper carbon (fig. 27) may be outside the main axis (above, below, to the right or to the left of it). If sufficiently outside the center there will be only an elliptical light area present. On the side toward which the crater is displaced there will be a blue crescent or spot, and on the opposite side a dark crescent, bordered, in extreme cases, by red. Remedy: get the crater back in the axis. § 84. The condenser may be out of center. — This will give the same defective light on the screen as when the light source is off FIG. 26 (A). DIAGRAM OF A MAGIC LANTERN AND A SCREEN IMAGE WHEN ALL THE PARTS ARE IN CORRECT PROPORTION AND ON ONE Axis. Axis The common axis passing from the radiant along the principal axis of the condenser and the objective to the screen. C Condenser of three lenses, the first clement (L,) composed of a meniscus and a plano-convex; the second element (LJ, is a plano-convex. The convex surfaces face each other as usual. F Principal focal distance of the condenser. 0 Projection objective. R Radiant giving the light. S The screen fully and perfectly lighted. FIG. 27 (B). DIAGRAM SHOWING THE EFFECT OF HAVING THE RADIANT BELOW THE Axis. There appears a blue shadow on the lower part of the screen (S). Whenever the radiant is off the axis the dark blue shadow will be on the corresponding side of the screen. In this case the radiant would have to be raised to get rid of the shadow. If the shadow were on the left it would be necessary to move the radiant to the right and so on.