The sciopticon manual, explaining lantern projection in general, and the sciopticon apparatus in paricular (1877)

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140 SCIOPTICON MANUAL. " The accompanying rude drawing will give you Borne idea of the plan. "The front A and the rest B are connected by two iron braces and slide up and down, for the desired focal distance, above the lens C. The ad- justable shelf D supports the object to be copied. The glass plate is laid upon the rest B over the opening, and a black cloth thrown over the top. The instrument is six feet in height, and eighteen inches square, and cost me about two days' labor. It is highly satisfactory." It will be understood that the ob- ject of roughing the gelatine, as in- dicated in the above letter, is that it m 31 may present an opaque surface to render the image visible, like the focus- ing ground-glass in a photographer's camera; this rough- ing also gives it a " tooth " to hold the markings. Ground-glass itself is sometimes used for obtaining drawings by superposition, which is rendered transparent by a coat of varnish, and it might be used in this case; it is, however, somewhat expensive. A surface is now produced on glass quite similar by what is called the ground-glass varnish. This surface after receiving the drawing may also be rendered transparent by a coat of common varnish, if dried in sufficient heat to prevent its again becoming opaque. ASPHALTUM VARNISH. —This common black varnish, flowed upon quarter-plate glass and allowed to dry, gives a surface which can easily be drawn upon with a