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Photographic Astronomy — Cuffe 475
universe" and are not as remote as the objects in the great galaxy. In the fourth and last grouping, which is titled ' ' The Galactic System," we take you out into universes, millions of light years from this earth of ours, and bring you close to these enormous universes whose light, traveling at the tremendous speed of six trillion miles per year, has taken over a million years to reach this small earth of ours. This we have captured and photographed and brought to the screen. It is one of the most incredible sights the human eye has ever witnessed.
I am now going to try and explain briefly some of the difficulties we encountered and overcame in the making of these pictures which you will see later.
There are many obstacles which present themselves that heretofore have not been encountered in the photographing of motion pictures. For example, when our camera was placed in the telescope, and the telescope focused on a given object, we immediately encountered, on time exposure, eight motions that had to be corrected, for the earth is constantly revolving on its axis and traveling along its orbit, while its poles are constantly tipping and revolving in the fashion of a top that is losing its speed and starting to slow down. At the same time the sun is traveling through space on its orbit, and the object which we are photographing is revolving and going through space on its orbit ; therefore when all these motions are taken into consideration there is a constant changing and displacement of the earth in relation to any object in the heavens which we may be photographing. To offset all these motions that are encountered in relation to the earth and the various objects in the heavens, these enormous telescopes are all controlled electrically and by clockwork, so that over a given period of time the same position of any object can be maintained in the heavens, after the telescope is once set by the professor.
The next difficulty we ran into was the exposure necessary for the different planets, nebulae, star clouds, and universes we had to photograph. Each object had to be tested individually before the actual shooting of the camera to determine the time exposure necessary per frame of motion picture film; this alone took considerable time, when we take into consideration that our photographing time — exposure per frame on the nebulous clusters, illuminous gasses, dependant and independant groups of suns and their sur