16-mm sound motion pictures : a manual for the professional and the amateur (1953)

APPENDIX A 549 printing by projecting the image to be copied on the raw stock. Note: When projection printing, the image being copied may be enlarged, reduced, or made the same size. 1.8.2.1 Reduction Printing. Reduction printing is the process of producing and recording photographically a smaller image, usually on a smaller film, from a larger image. Note: This process is commonly used in making 16-niin negatives or prints from 35-mm originals. Film thus made is referred to as a reduction negative or reduction print, as the case may be. 1.9 Projection. Projection is the process of presenting a film for either visual or aural review, or both. 1.10 Production. Production is the general term used to describe the processes involved in making all the original material* that is the basis for the finished motion picture. 1.11 Editorial Process. Editorial process is the term used to describe the combining, cutting, editing, and other preparation of material obtained from the original material to make the finished motion picture. 1.12 Re-recording. Re-recording is the electrical process of transferring sound records from one or more films or discs to other films or discs. Note: Re-recording may be used to combine different sound records into a single record; to adjust the responsefrequency characteristic; or to adjust the relative levels between different scenes and sequences. 1.13 Release. Release is a generic term used to designate films used for or intended for general distribution and exhibition. Note: Unless specifically slated, release refers only to the normal or domestic release of 35-mm motion picture. production through agencies within the United States. 1.13.1 16-Mm Release. A 16-mm release designates any or all the releases made on 16-mm film. 1.13.2 Foreign Release. A foreign release is any release made to agencies outside the United States. Note: A descriptive adjective is usually applied to name the specific country or territory to which the release will go. As an example, a release made to Spain would be termed a Spanish release. 1.13.2.1 16-Mm Foreign Release. A 16-mm foreign release is a foreign release made on 16-mm film. Note: As an example, a release made to Spain on 16-mm film would be termed a 16-mm Spanish release. 1.13.3 Release Negative. A release negative is a complete negative prepared specifically for printing release prints. Note: A release negative may consist of separate piclure and sound negatives and may be in either projection or editorial synchronism, depending upon the film /processing technique to be employed in making release prints, 1.14 35-Mm Negative Blow-up. A 35-mm negative blow-up is a negative made by the optical printing process in which a larger negative image is produced from a smaller positive image. Note: 35-mm negative blow-ups may be made from a 16-mm or possibly an 8-mm positive by the use of the optical printing process. 1.15 Matte Rolls (Traveling Masks). Matte rolls (traveling masks) are a pair of film rolls used as light modulators. Note: Matte rolls are complementary in that where one roll is clear, the other is effectively opaque. They are usually matched to rolls of original black and white, or of color reversal positives in the printing of black and white or color duplicates. 2. Negative Film 2.1 Negative. The term "negative" is used to designate any of the following: (a) the raw stock specifically designed for negative images (6) the negative image (c) negative raw stock which has been exposed but has not been processed (d) film bearing a negative image which has been processed. 2.2 Picture Negative. A picture negative is any negative film which, after exposure to a subject or positive image and subsequent processing, produces a negative picture image on the film. 2.2.1 Original Picture Negative. The original picture negative is the negative film which is exposed in the camera and subsequently processed to produce an original negative picture image. 2.2.2 Background Plate Negative. A background plate negative is a picture negative which is used to print background plates. 2.2.3 Picture Library Negative. A picture library negative is a picture negative which is usually held in a stuck library for use in reproducing scenes which would otherwise have to be made as original material for each production.