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III. 16-MM FILM AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
it is almost impossible to edit and splice it with currently available equipment and methods without serious picture quality deterioration due to the lines, that result from the encroachment of a splice upon the printed area of the film and the dirt, scratch, and smear marks accumulated in even very careful handling. Such marks are very noticeable because of the low average image density of negative film. If no editing of the original is required (as might be the case in the "reference recording" of a television transmission), negative film would be suitable. If subsequent transmission of the reference recording were planned, special negative raw stock made specifically for television transmission purposes would be desirable.
TABLE VI Negative Films
Manufacturer Code #
Trade name
Base
Recom" LmmS/
Expo mended ™™
sure develop rpsniv
index ing re££v"
gamma po/er
Eastman
5242
Super XX Negative
Blue
100
0.65
55
Kodak
Panchromatic Safety
gray
Eastman
5241
PlusX
Gray
50
0.65
—
Kodak
Panchromatic Safety
Eastman
5240
Panatomic X
Blue
25
0.65
60
Kodak
Safety Film
gray
Eastman
5212
Infrared
Gray
—
0.65
—
Kodak
Negative Safety
Ansco
1822-004
Supreme (200 ft)
Gray
50
0.65
60
Note: See also Universal reversal films of Table III.
The use of negative for television transmission purposes has the wellknown handling disadvantages with respect to a picture positive. As the image density is low, dirt, scratches, and abrasion marks that are unobservable in a positive become distressingly serious in a negative. The handling of negative requires extreme care; since such extreme care is rare, commercial operations are usually more satisfactory with positive image films.
Table VI is a list of some of the negative films available.
Duplicating Film Materials
A duplicating film is a film used in the process chain between the original film and the release print for the purpose of facilitating release