16-mm sound motion pictures, a manual for the professional and the amateur (1949-55)

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344 X. EDITING AND ASSEMBLY 35-mm reels, 16-mm reels, and with flanges. The spindle (and especially the key) will wear more rapidly when used constantly with 16-mm reels than when used with flanges, but even this wear rate is relatively low. At the worst, periodic replacement of the spindles may be required ; such replacement is inexpensive and relatively infrequent. Several sets of rewinds will probably be needed ; just how many and what kind will depend upon how the editor does his work. Figure 80 shows one editing table arrangement that has been found convenient by one commercial organization. Fig. 81. Single-hub film measuring machine (Neumade). Footage Counters A i 'footage counter," "synchronizer, — three different names for the same kind of device — will be needed to measure film accurately. This device consists of a Veecler counter geared to register accurately in feet when a strip of film is pulled through it. In one common arrangement the sprocket over which the film travels is 20 frames in diameter; two revolutions of the sprocket is exactly one foot of film. Frame markings are provided at the edge of the sprocket to eliminate the need for laboriously counting frames along the film from the footage index mark to the frame in question. A single-hub measuring