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THE COLOR PROCESS 513
is true that a decade ago there was little need owing to the limited useful contrast range, subsequent control improvement has brought forth that need.
The problem is a very difficult one. It means the introduction of still another variable into a process where the number of variables is already large compared with commercial black-and-white processes. At first glance, AnscoColor Film would seem to present the possibility in the color developing of the film, but so far there has been little encouragement in this direction. In the case of Kodachrome the need for constant developing is considered very important and it is felt that contrast control is better accomplished in some other manner.
A number of solutions to the contrast problem has been suggested and a certain amount of laboratory experience has been obtained with one possibility-masking film.* So far, the complexities of use are such that it has not been considered suitable for motion picture use although it is well suited for still pictures. It would not seem impossible to incorporate this in the form of an additional sensitized layer in the duplicating raw stock. Such a layer might have the further advantage of being suitable for the sound record, thereby avoiding some of the seemingly insurmountable problems associated with the multi-layer color sound track.
As the increase in contrast due to even a single printing step is quite high, Kodachrome Commercial, a low contrast color positive material, has been introduced as an original material from which duplicates can be made that will have approximately the same contrast characteristics as a Kodachrome original made on Kodachrome Regular.
Ansco has recommended the use of a separate mask optically superimposed. Because of the high order of registration accuracy required, this method is not in wide use now. It is felt that there are also some simpler methods possible that will be commercially satisfactory, despite the fact that a certain amount of sacrifice of color fidelity may be required; one possibility is the use of light sources emitting band spectra rather than a continuous spectrum.
* Masking film when so used is an unexposed sensitized thin film cemented or otherwise attached to the developed original Kodachrome picture. Each scene is given a predetermined exposure in a printer and then developed in a black-and-white developer bath, producing a complementary negative of the picture on the masking film as a mask. When the picture is then printed (with the masking film still attached), the contrast of the original is effectively reduced. (Should an increase in contrast be desired, this might be accomplished by developing the masking film as a reversal. It is rare that an increase in contrast is desired; most duplicated films suffer from excessive rather than too little contrast.)