Newton's lantern slide catalogue (1920s)

204 NEWTON & CO., Ltd., Lantern Slide Publishers. WS THE EMBRYOLOGY OF A CHICKEN. A umque Series of Lantern Slides from direct Negatives by Mr. W. M Martin of Redruth, comprising the complete history of the development of the germ from ’the. time the egg is laid to the hatching of the chicken. Plain Slides, 2s. Qd. each. 1 A fresh laid egg 2 A fresh laid egg showing air space at broad end, which expands during incubation and through whiph chicken pushes its beak before hatching, also supplying the air necessary to life of chicken and providing room for movements during hatching process 3 A fresh laid egg carefully opened, showing circular germ which develops into the chicken, the membrane of yolk in folds to allow of expan- sion. This germ is always nearest the hen when sitting in whatever position egg be placed 4 Fresh laid egg opened and yolk turned upside down in the white to show the twisted ends of yolk membrane which by their weight keep the germ uppermost 5 Sliowing appearance of germ after 12 hours in- cubation, concentric circles appearing 6 Germ after 24 hours incubation. The dark patch being a portion non-actinic to plate probably due to first formation of blood taking place 7 Appearance after two days—yolk expanding, first appearance of blood vessels, embryo of chicken appearing d Appearance on 3rd day — rapid development of blood vessels, yolk becoming granular in ap- pearance, embryo of chicken larger and when shell open pulsation of heart visible 9 Appearance on4th day—yolk larger, blood vessels spreading over its surface 10 Showing effect of raising the temperature of incu- bator from 103 degrees (normal) to 120 degrees for 10 hours on 4th day, yolk becoming altered and membrane surrounding the embryo be- coming visible 11 5th day—blood vessels spreading over almost the entire surface of yolk, embryo larger, ^nd now surrounded by a protective circle of albumen through which the blood vessels pass 12 A portion of No. 11 enlarged, showing the blood vessels feeding the heart, eye of chicken visible 13 Einbryo on 5th day dissected from the yolk, show- ing the inembi ane which envelops it when in the shell, also the elongated end of vertebral column 14 Appearance on removing portion of shell on 5th daj', differing from No. 11 of Same period, embryo being completely covered by blood vessels 15 Embryo of No. 14 removed from shell and slightly magnified showing rudimentary limbs 16 6tli day—showing embryo of chicken now sur- rounded by a quantity of thinner albumen and chicken sinking into a cavity forming in the yolk !17 Embryo of No. 16 dissected from the yolk and magnified, showing its natural position at this : period surrounded by albumen with blood vessels absorbing its nourishment from the yolk, and conveying it to the chicken by the umbilical cord 18 7th day—shewing the chicken resting in the now well-formed folds of the yolk, with the main artery passing into the chicken ly Ernbryo of No. 18 removed from shell and mem- brane, showing development of wings 20 No. 19 enlarged to show formation of head at this period 21 Empty shell on 7th day showing well-expanded membrane of air space 22 8th dav—-showing air space at broad end of shell and chicken sunk into a cavity between folds of yolk 23 9th day—opened more on the side of egg to show Ue formation of the cavity and folds of yolk. The yolk also becoming more granular in appearance. 24 The entire contents of shell removed on 0th day and placed in position to show the under sur- face of yolk, and back of chicken, yolk at this period having few blood vessels on under surface 25 9th day-removed from shell showing first forma- tion of beak. Blood vessels larger (compare with No. 13) « V 26 Showing the effect of temperature of 120 degrees on 9th day for several hours, blood vessels e.x- oiT in fo utmost, and altered in appearance 21 10th day--showing well-developed folds of yolk OQ j chicken somewhat altering its position 2 b llth day—portioriof covering membrane removed, showing position of main artery 29 11th day—shell opened near broad end of egg and covering membrane removed, showing chicken nesting in a well-fitiyig cavity of yo'k 30 11th day removed from shell and covering inem- Qi IT showing growth of limbs and beak 31 11th day—contents of shell removed, yolk per- forated and contents withdrawn, showing the membrane surrounding the chicken, and the method of absorbing its nourishment from the surface of yolk 32 11th day—removed from shell and slightly en- oo u showing growth o( beak and body 33 11th day—contents of shell removed without break- ing yolk membrane, and chicken placed in position to show two well-formed curves in main artery. For use, see No. 44 34 11th day—showing well-expanded air space appearance of membrane and blood vessels, on carefully removing a portion of the shell S6 12th day-covering membrane removed, showing chicken turning its position, feathers appearing, also showing the membrane of air space 37 12th day—removed from shell 38 12th day-entire contents of shell removed, show- ing the white of the egg being absorbed by the yolk 39 Showing appearance of covering membrane on 13th day 40 13th day—with menibrane removed, showing head of chicken coming nearer to air space 41 11th day—appearance on removing shell 42 14th day—removed from shell, showing growth of limbs 43 15th day—appearance of covering membrane, also well-developed air space and its membrane 44 15th day—covering membrane removed, showing the now well-formed curves of main artery to allow of free movement of limbs 45 15th day—removed from shell 46 16th day—membrane removed, showing main artery close to membrane of air space for aeration of blood 47 16th day—opened from opposite side of shell to No. 46 48 16th day—entire contents of shell removed, show- ing but a small portion of white of egg left, but large amount of yolk, partially divided into two lobes, between which the chicken rests when enclosed in shell 49 17th day—portion of membrane removed 60 17lli day—membrane removed, showing main artery passing close to air space and head of chicken getting into position for hatching 51 17th day-entire contents of shell'removed,show- ing the still unabsorbed yolk, also the blood vessels of membrane round the shell 52 17th day—showing chicken with swollen neck, head in wrong position, and dead 53 Showing No. 52 from other side, with yolk re- moved 54 17th day—removed from shell