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22 THE PHONOGRAM. . » tons, the armature alone, which was built of bars of copper instead of wires, weighing six tons., This dynamo was exhibited at Paris, London, Milan, and New York, creating everywhere a wonderful sensation, and it is a good example of the characteristic fear- lessness with which Edison strikes out from the beaten paths of research and practice. TELEGRAPHING FROM A MOVING TRAIN. T HE “grasshopper telegraph,” as it is sometimes called, is the joint work of Mr. Edison and Mr.W. Wiley Smith. The re- sult primarily aimed at is communication line consists of an ordinary battery, an in- duction coil with vibrator, a Morse key and a pair of telephone receivers. By means of the induction coil, the cfirrent from the bat- S KM) INC MESSAGE BY TIIK JUAIN TEI.EGKAI’H. between telegraphic stations and moving trains. The great feature of this system is the absence of any special wire between or along the tracks. That wondrous phase of electrical phenomena, called induction, serves to transfer the currents from the ap- paratus in the train to the ordinary Morse wires alongside the track, no other medium than the air being required to facilitate the transfer. The currents which are thus in- duced in the wires do not in any way inter- fere with the ordinary business which is being carried on over them. 'Hie apparatus on the train and at the stations along the tery is transformed into a rapidly alternat- ing. highly penetrative current, capable; of producing a similar current in neighboring wires or apparatus. The effect is a contin- uous humming sound heard in the phonetic receivers, this being broken into the dots and dashes of the Morse system by means of the key. The roofs of the cars are all con- nected together and to the instruments, and these are connected to the earth through the car-wheels and track. By means of this simple and inexpensive system, messages have been transmitted across an air space of 580 feet, intervening between the wires and the cars.