The advance of photography : its history and modern applications (1911)

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HISTORICAL SURVEY 27 ing silver, if this is precipitated on the film ; this precipitate is produced by the following operation. If a silver solution is mixed with a very dilute solution of proto-sulphate of iron, there results by slow degrees a precipitate of metallic silver — not, however, as a shining mass, but as a grey powder. Now, a small quantity of the nitrate of silver solution from the bath always adheres to the film. If, therefore, a solution of proto-sulphate of iron is poured upon it, a silver precipitate is formed, and the picture suddenly makes its appearance, owing to the silver adhering to those parts affected by the light. Fig. 7. The features of a portrait that are first visible are the lightest — the shirt, then the face, and lastly the black coat. The negative thus obtained, however, is by no means completed by this operation. The picture is usually too transparent to answer for the production of paper prints ; for the preparation of such a print depends upon the light shining through the transparent places of the negative, and colouring dark the paper beneath, while it fails to penetrate the parts which have to remain white. The opaque and transparent parts of the negative must be in sufficient contrast with each other to produce this effect.