The advance of photography : its history and modern applications (1911)

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106 THE ADVANCE OF PHOTOGRAPHY first face of the glass, taking the direction d c ; at the refraction on the second face it takes another, c o. Both deflections are in the same direction. The greater the magnitude of the angle x which the two faces of the prism, through which the ray passes, make with each other, the greater is this deflection. Thus the deflection by the prism b (fig. 27) is greater than by the prism c, and by the prism a it is greater than by b ; because the angle of refraction x is greater in b than in c, and in a it is greater than in b. The Lens. — If a glass structure be erected, consisting of separate prisms of varying angles (fig. 28), and if a bundle of parallel rays be conceived to fall upon it, the ray a will be more strongly deflected than b, which falls on a prism having a smaller angle ; and the latter, again, will be more / Fie. 28. deflected than ray c, and the result may be that all the rays unite in one point /. If instead of the separate prisms we substitute a solid