The advance of photography : its history and modern applications (1911)

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ART IN PHOTOGRAPHY 207 distance. Let the reader observe, for instance, the foot of the Apollo in I. (fig. 89), which is much more prominent than in II. Lastly, let C D (fig. 90) be supposed to be the carpet or ground ; this will appear wider — that is, rising higher — seen from N. Therefore, if the same person is taken from different positions, P and 0', so that the height of the body remains the same in both pictures, in that one taken at the shorter distance the prominent parts — lap, hands, and feet — appear wider, and the ground or chair more inclined than in the picture taken from P. Effect of Height of Eye. — Very important changes result from an alteration in the height of the spectator's eye. If a standing person is looked up to, so that the head of the spectator is lower than the head of the object, the latter appears thrown back. If the head of the spectator is on a level with the head of the object, the latter appears perpendicular ; if the spectator is higher, the head of the object appears inclined forward. The three accompanying diagrams, taken from photographs, will make this evident. The first shows the view taken on the same level, the second taken from above, the third from below. Similar differences occur in viewing a landscape from Fig. 91.