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BOOK ILLUSTRATIONS
We have already dealt at some length with a few of the methods employed to produce illustrations for books. These can be found in the chapter on the " Photographic Importance of the Chromium Compounds/' and Avill be found to include many of the processes which were in use some few years since. In the present chapter it is proposed to deal with one or two of the up-to-date processes, paying special attention to the part played by photography in such cases.
Process Studio. — In any process works the studio now forms one of the most important departments. In this studio there must be ample room for the large cameras which are used, and also for the arrangement of the stands upon which the objects or copy to be photographed are placed. Next, there must be a good supply of dark rooms, which it is absolutely essential to keep scrupulously clean.
It is now the usual custom to obtain the necessary illumination of the object which is to be photographed, by means of powerful arc lamps. Such a lamp is illustrated in fig. 105. This lamp is suitable for use with voltages of between 100 and 150, and currents of between 10 and 12 amperes.
One of these lamps is arranged on either side of the copy and so adjusted as to secure an absolutely uniform intensity of light.
The cameras in use in such establishments are sufficiently different from those in common use to justify a few words in their explanation.
The front of such a camera is shown in fig. 106, the optical attachments not being in position ; in fig. 107 the