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ANIMATED PHOTOGRAPHY
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prints made from these were placed round a glass disc, which was made to rotate.
Many important patents followed after that of FrieseGreene and Evans, such as that of Edison's kinetoscope, and Lumiere's cinematographe, the year 1895 being especially prolific in this respect.
The first apparatus required for the production of films to illustrate movements is a camera in which the film can be exposed so as to obtain the negative, and many such instruments are on the market. Some of these, intended for the production of standard-sized films, are costly, but the amateur has also been catered for, a complete amateur outfit being supplied by Messrs Hughes, Kingsland, under the name of " La Petite/' for about £10.
The size of the films used for this outfit is only J-inch, instead of the standard size, lf-inch.
The same camera is used for printing the positive film as was used in obtaining the negative.
A more expensive form of camera, in which standardsized films can be exposed, is shown in fig. 165. This camera has an adjustable focal plane shutter which renders possible a variety of exposures ranging from to to TTb"o Part °f a second. By a slight modification it can also be used as a printing-machine for making positives.
Messrs Hughes recommend the following exposures with this " Mo to Bijou " camera when the light is good. For slowly moving objects, such as a man walking, wrestlers, street scenes, etc., the lens aperture being //8, the shutter open full, i.e. three inches, an exposure of ten sections of film per second. When exposing for running horses, or objects moving at similar rates of speed, using lens 2a
Fig. 165.