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stances, Fischer had added to the respective developers, Is already embedded In each emulsion layer.
The Agfa Research Laboratories have been working on the solution of this particular problem for quite a number of years. The conditions to be fulfilled were certainly not as simple as they sound from the description given above, and it took a great many experimental coatings before It was possible to coat on a single film three emulsion layers, one on top of each other, each .005 mm. thick, and separated by plain gelatine layers .002 mm. thick. It, also, required a tremendous amount of research to manufacture the chemical components which would produce the subtractive colors of blue-green, magenta, and yellow. These substances are best referred to under the name of "components." They must not affect the sensitivity — and particularly the sensitivity to color — of the emulsion layers in which they are placed, and must have the unusual quality of being sufficiently soluble when added to the emulsion during manufacture, but insoluble during the subsequent wet treatment in processing, so that they would not wander from one layer to another, or even diffuse in the same layer. This clearly presents a problem for the organic chemist. Through collaboration between the scientific and technical staffs of the research laboratories and the manufacturing plant, it was found possible to solve all of these problems, in which work Dr. Willmanns and Dr. Schneider, and a large number of co-workers, rendered signal service.
In general the method of working the new Agfacolor process is as follows:
During the exposure in the camera, which requires no special optical equipment or filters, the latent image for each separation negative is formed in the film (see Chart No. I).
A yellow-dyed gelatine layer between the top (blue-sensitive) emulsion and second (green-yellow sensitive) emulsion layer insures that no blue light reaches the two lower emulsion layers. The three latent images are first developed to negatives simultaneously in an ordinary developing solution. Then, instead of removing the single image or fixing, as in the earlier process, the film is strongly exposed to light and then developed in a solution of the paraphenylenediamine type. In this developer the remainder of the unexposed silver bromide is reduced to silver, whiie simultaneously a dye image is formed in each layer at the same place wherever the (positive) image appears.
Actually, in addition to metallic silver, an oxide is formed in the emulsion which couples with each "component" present in each emulsion layer, thus forming a dye image. Hereafter it is only necessary to apply a mild oxidizing solution to remove the silver deposit which covers the dye images, and the process is complete. A very simple and practical method thus insures the production of a Positive in natural colors.
This new Agfacolor Process has the advantage that it might be used with any kind of camera and projected in a normal apparatus so that no expensive accessories will be required by the user. Thus, all difficulties, too, which might
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