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focal length and stop-calibrations between virtually all normal lenses. Thus a single focusing scale and a single set of diaphragm calibrations will take care of all lenses, regardless of focal length or speed.
The construction of the present Eclair strikes a new note, even as the first metal-bodied Bell & Howells did in the days of wooden cameras thirty years ago. The main frame of the camera is a solid metal plate: the outer casing is moulded of a tough, semi-resilent synthetic plastic which gives strength without brittleness or weight. This casing is lined with sound-absorbing materials, and combines the functions of camera case and blimp in one unit. It is only necessary to open one door to gain access to the camera movement. To ensure soundproof operation, there is a front door, fitted with a window of optically flat glass, in front of the lens.
The magazines are mounted outside the camera, on top. Contrary to usual practice, they are built as single units; in this respect they are like those used on many earlier cameras, but they offer economy and compactness which should be definitely advantagous. Takeup is by an enclosed train of silent gears; the whole take-up drive assembly may be quickly swung from the rear magazine to the front one if for any reason it is desired to operate the camera in reverse.
At present, two of these cameras are in this country. At the end of August, it was intended to supply complete sales and service facilities for the Camereclair in Hollywood, but the outbreak of the war has temporarily blocked this.
Bell and Howell
'"pHE first Bell and Howell camera
was turned out in Chicago late in 1907; the designers were Donald J. Bell and Albert S. Howell. The camera was a black leather covered box, of 200 foot capacity, with the magazines one above the other in the rear. There was no apparent attempt to save space in the designing of the camera; it was at least an inch wider than other similar types. Two lenses were used, one for taking and one for viewing; focus was by means of a reflex mirror hack of the gate. The viewing, or finder lens was mounted directly above the other one, and projected its image on a large ground glass on the right side of the box. There is no reliable information available as to the design of the intermittent. and apparently no feature of the camera was patented. It is not certain how many of these cameras were built, but the number was somewhere under twenty, and most of these were sold to the Essanay Co., of Chicago.
The first of the famous Bell and Howell standard cameras was built late in 1909, and sold immediately to the Essanay Co. It was a radical departure from conventional design, and was probably the first motion picture camera to be designed as such from the ground up. Every vestige of waste space was eliminated, the camera body being a metal casting which was moulded to fit closely around the the mechanism at every possible point.
Of the camera’s many novel features, four were outstanding: the
method of focusing, the dissolving shutter, the double magazines, and the design of the intermittent.
The Bell and Howell had a revolv
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