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AMATEUR MOVIE MAKING 99
The manipulation of the lights is in itself an art, and one which cannot be taught in a short time nor by the use of a few words. We may be able to point out the path, but each experimenter must find his way along this path to the best of his individual ability.
Lighting is not an exact science, but like all arts it is based upon comparatively simple elements. The artistry lies in the proper synthesis of these elements.
We may consider any solid object as being more or less cubical in shape, that is, it has six major surfaces, i.e., top, bottom, front, rear, left side and right side. We may illuminate such an object by a single beam of light in such a manner that the beam will fall squarely upon any one of these surfaces. This gives us six light direction elements.
Synthesis of Light. — The subject of light synthesis is neither difficult nor complex. In fact we do not actually mix different light beams, but Ave make use of a single light placed in a position midway between two of the primary positions. At times we place it in a position where it partakes of three elementary positions. Thus, the "plain" or "straight" lighting beloved of artists and portrait photographers is a combination of a high light, a side light and a front light. Starting the lamp from the position occupied by the subject move it straight away from the front of the subject, then to one side, and finally above the level of the subject. This last move will bring the light to its final position to provide the proper plain lighting.
As a first step in the consideration of various lights, let us establish the directions. The front of any subject is the side which is directed toward the lens and hence the side which will appear in the completed photograph. Above and below are of course used in the familiar sense. Eight and left refer to the photographer's right and left as he faces the subject. Thus "right" actually refers to the subject's left, but as it is the right of the cameraman we use that term. Back means the side hidden from the camera lens.
The first position which we shall consider is the front