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108 AMATEUR MOVIE MAKING
used for normal room lighting. Limit the field to about 4 feet high by 6 wide. This will give you approximately 24 square feet of included surface in the plane which is occupied by your subject. To secure the maximum results from your lamp, set it in such position that its entire output is confined to practically this area. You can control this to a certain extent by properly setting the "wings" or side reflectors of the lamp, which serve to concentrate the light to a slight degree. For most purposes, you may consider the effective angle of the arc as 90 degrees.
For a four by six area you should place the lamp about three feet from the subject to utilize the original 90 degrees, but as this is too close for practical purposes, you will move the lamp until it is from six to eight feet away from the subject, and close the side reflectors until every possible ray of light is falling upon the subject.
Let us assume that this subject is an adult, standing, and you are making a semi close-up, cutting at the waist. The average height of the adult may be taken as five feet and eight inches. Your lamp will be placed about five feet in front of the subject, six feet to one side and about seven feet from the floor. This will give the side-front-top light desired. Now hang a sheet or Westphalen reflector in such a position that the light from the lamp is reflected upon the side of the subject which is in the shadow. Arrange this reflector so that the deepest shadow is illuminated to such an extent that the detail is barely visible when viewed through a monotone filter.
The camera is now placed from twelve to fifteen feet away, and focussed upon the subject. The exact position of the subject in the frame will have to be determined by trial and error, moving the camera in different directions until the image of the subject occupies a position and has a size which meets the approval of the cinematographer.
The final step is the determination of the exposure. For interior work, when a rapid calculation is desired as well as an accurate one, the value of the photometric meter of the Cinophot type cannot be overestimated. This meter will give the exposure just as rapidly and just as accurately for interior as for exterior work.