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AMATEUR MOVIE MAKING 109
When the diaphragm has been set, the/ lamps are reset, that is the arc is regenerated, and the exposure is made in the usual manner.
When two lights are used, the reflector may be replaced by a lamp of inferior intensity, or it may be replaced by a second lamp of equal intensity located at a greater distance from the subject. In balancing lights, remember that the intensity of any light varies inversely as the square of the distance from the surface illuminated.
In addition to these primary and secondary light sources, a spot light will be needed. The spot light is used for backlighting, for accent lighting and for building up the illumination in any desired place. In backlighting it is placed behind the subject. In case this is to be used while the subject is in motion, this light is placed outside the lines and an operator placed beside it whose duty is to keep the "spot" upon the rear side of the subject's head. The fact that the light comes from one side as well as from the rear does not spoil the effect. In fact, it in many cases enhances this effect. This is one of the best known lighting effects for differentiating the plane of the subject and the plane of the background.
Accent lighting consists of accenting, or emphasizing any particular part of a scene by means of additional concentrated light. The spot light usually throws a circular area of light with more or less sharply defined edges. This means that any object illuminated by the spot will be brightly illuminated, and if the exposure is calculated for this intensity of illumination, other portions of the scene will be slightly underexposed. Thus we have the subject of greatest interest standing out sharply against a slightly dull background.
The spot is also useful for special effects, such as full moon spots, and similar "fancy" lightings, but as there is no limit to the number of such lightings which may be devised, we can hardly take space here to go deeply into this subject. The ingenuity of the cameraman will enable him to devise new lighting effects once he has become sufficiently accustomed to artificial light to feel at ease when handling it.