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AMATEUR MOVIE MAKING 231
of the cast and credit titles are secured in proper order by means of small paper clips of the round variety which will wind upon the reel easily. To the end of the last title of the introductory group, the beginning of scene one is attached, and so on throughout the film. The titles are inserted in their proper places by referring to a copy of the scenario which should lie before the editor at all times. Omit all spoken titles at this time, as they are to be inserted later. When the film is complete, rewind it in a reverse direction and note carefully two things. See that the dull side of all scenes is upward or that it is downward. Do not have part of them one way and part the other. For the best cutting, the dull side of all scenes should be up. Note also the direction of the top of the frames. If the first winding is made upon the left hand reel, as it should be, the heads of all actors and tops of all letters in all scenes should be at the left of each frame. Be very careful to see that this is true. Now rewind again toward the left. Verify the order of the scenes, then cut off the identification, fogged frames and other spoiled frames. When this is done start rewinding again to the right, cementing the films together, at each junction of scenes.
This step is known as the "joining" or "patching," 'and is done as has been described elsewhere in this chapter. The principal thing to do is to see that each patch is firm and tight. When this is done the film should be once more a continuous ribbon without any scene registers, solid black or white frames or other similar flaws, but with all of the action included.
This film is projected after this stage. First the subtitles are examined to see if they are in their proper places, then the action is watched to see what portions could be removed. If an actor leaves the scene empty, it is not well to run five or six seconds of such a scene, unless it is deliberately done for some particular effect.
At the same time entrances and exits are watched to see if they have become "crossed" in production. (See chapter on direction.) If an actor leaves at the left side