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282 AMATEUR MOVIE MAKING
Then go home and project your sixteen millimeter film. What is the difference? It is one of quality, the quality which makes the printed positive supreme. In this test pay particular attention to the blacks.
The quality of any film is directly concerned with exposure. If the exposure is too short or too long the tonal scale is degraded and the brilliancy of the film is lost. It would seem that this necessitates the determination of the exact exposure. This is not true due to a particular quality of the sensitive coating of the film known as "latitude." The latitude of a film means its ability to register the correct tonal scale of the scene photographed when exposed for different lengths of time. The latitude of an emulsion is to a certain degree, dependent upon the thickness of the emulsion upon the celluloid. The negative film and positive film used in the positive-negative process both have a heavier, "richer" emulsion than is used in reversible film. This means that the cinematographer does not have to be as careful in calculating his exposures as he would otherwise have to be, and that his finished film will have a richer silver deposit and hence a greater tonal range. In addition to these features, an even greater latitude of exposure is secured through the printing control, where the intensity of the light used in printing may be regulated to any degree. These points make it easy for the amateur to secure good film without having to make an expert determination of the light used. The printing control makes it possible to correct over and under exposures to a remarkable degree.
Then there is the question of a master negative. It may be assumed that any film made by the amateur is a film which is desired for future use. In fact the value of any film increases with age. Contrarily the physical quality of the film passes with age. If we use reversible film we must have duplicates made when the film is new and fresh. If we do not do this, the duplicate when made will show every break, crack and scratch which is upon the original film, and such defects will occur in every film used for projection. If the duplicate is made at the time of the development of the original, it is aging and becoming hard