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AMATEUR MOVIE MAKING 339
suits used in duck hunting' will prove very serviceable. This method is used when the camera may be focussed upon a predetermined spot.
When the action may be expected to take place in any one of a number of nearby spots, the only satisfactory recourse is the telephoto lens. Reference to the table in the Appendix will show that the field of the six inch lens at a distance of 500 feet measures 32 feet in width by about 24 in height. This is not at all too large for the inclusion of the larger animals. However in most cases the hunter may approach to within one hundred yards by using care. At this distance the field will be reduced to 14 x 19 feet. In this case we will get an image of an elk, let us say, whicli will fill the frame to the fullest extent compatible with good composition while the same lens used upon an ordinary camera would give us a direct print in which the animal would be about one-fifth of an inch, or less, in height. In "this the tremendous advantage of the motion camera is exemplified, for by using the longer focus lenses an image size is secured which is out of all proportion to the usual relationship existing between the screen image and the hand held image. The screen shows the appearance whicli the eye would see at approximately fifty feet.
Bird Photography. — In the case of bird work the telephoto lens is an absolute necessity. It is usually difficult to approach a wild bird closer than twenty-five feet, and at this distance, even when using a six inch lens, the included field will measure 1.4 x 1.9 feet. Using the ordinary 30 x 40 screen this will give us an enlargement slightly in excess of 2% times life size which is about as small as can be satisfactorily used in bird work. In this work the Telestar lens with a focal length of 9% inches will be of even greater value than the six inch lens.
In cases where there is plenty of light there is opportunity for a most fascinating field of cinematography. We have seen that the usual six inch lens as employed in motion photography has a speed of f 4.5. This is not due to any inferiority of the larger apertures, but because a lens of this focal length and of higher aperture would have a prohibitive weight.