Amateur Photographer & Cinematographer (1934)

iHi AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHER" ta 6 CINEMATOGRAPHER o outside advertising the activities of the film society attached to that body. The poster said that every Saturday afternoon there were “ Showings,” to which gentlemen friends were invited. Trust the ladies to get the right word. How much better to have the good old AngloSaxon ‘‘ Showings ” than the Latin “ Projections ” or “ Exhibitions.” Moreover, even in the sense in which it is now used (although there were no films in those days) the word is of ancient lineage. Five hundred years ago we read, in the words of a contemporary writer, that “ The Mayor and aldermen make many diverse showings and sights,” and again, in a religious book of the period, “ Miraculous tokens and showings.” How miraculous would even the amateur showings of the Y.W.C.A. of to-day appear to those ancestors. “ T.” and “ I.”— Caution. The giving of what is believed to be a snapshot exposure when the lever on a shutter is set at ‘‘ time ” is not an uncommon cause of failure, the defect being brought about by giving a “time” exposure and omitting to move the lever to ‘‘ inst.” for an instantaneous ex¬ posure. A correspondent informs us that he was unfortunate in getting a few failures at the recent Cowes regatta ; the failures were in the shape of fogged and blackened (over¬ exposed) sections of film, defects September 5th, 1934 which were puzzling as he has never made a time exposure. He had had a few failures in the form of clean or nearly clean (under-exposed) sections, but obvious over-exposed and blackened films were new to him. Frequent examination of his camera after these mysterious defects revealed the fact that very often the lever was found to be at “ time,” although he had not placed it there. How was the lever moved ? After much thought and a few experi¬ ments the mystery was solved. The camera fitted its case very tightly, and when placing the camera in the case, or when taking it from the case, the “ T.” and ‘‘ I.” lever touched the edge or side of the canvas. Verb. sap. The A mateur Photographer*’ EXPOSURE T ABLE — September EVERY MONTH a brief exposure table will be provided for the assistance of our readers in their practical work. A glance at th^ current approximate exposures as here given will serve as a reliable guide for most purposes. The subjects will be varied to suit the time of year. The following exposures will serve as a working guide for any fine day during the month, between the hours of 10 in the morning and 2 in the afternoon, with the sun shining, but not necessarily on the subject. Stop used, f/8 The exposure should be doubled if the sun is obscured or if stop f/ii is used. For f/i6 give four times the exposure. For f/5.6 give half. From 8 to 10 a.m. or from 2 to 4 p.m. double these exposures. From 6 to 8 a.m. or from 4 to 6 p.m., treble them. From 5 to 6 a.m. or 6 to 8 p.m., about four times these exposures will be required. N.B, — The times given above are by “ sun time.** The exposures^ therefore^ which are laid down as suitable for 2 to 4 p.m.t for instance, will be those to be given between 3 and 5 p.m., by the clock, during ** summer time,’* Subject. Ordinary. Medium. Rapid. Extra Rapid. Ultra Rapid. Open seascapes and cloud studies . . 1/25 sec. 1/40 sec. 1/75 sec. 1/100 sec. 1/120 sec. Open landscapes with no very heavy shadows in foreground, shipping studies or seascapes with rocks, beach scenes . . 1/15 1 9 1/25 99 1/45 9 » 1/60 9 9 1/75 99 Ordinary landscapes with not too much foliage, open river scenery, figure studies in the open, light buildings, wet street scenes 1/8 9 9 1/12 9 9 1/25 ) 9 1/30 99 1/40 9 9 . Landscapes in fog or mist, or with strong foreground, well-lighted street scenes . . 1/5 9 9 1/10 9 9 1/20 9 9 1/25 9 9 1/30 99 Buildings or trees occupying greater portion of pictures, river scenes with heavy foliage 1/3 9 9 1/4 9 9 1/8 9 » 1/12 9 9 1/15 99 Portraits or groups taken out of doors, not too much shut in by buildings n 99 1 9 9 2/3 99 1/3 9 9 1/4 99 Portraits in well-lighted room, light sur n 1 roundings, big window, white reflector . . 5 secs. 4 secs. 2 secs. 99 99 As a further guide we append a list of some of the best known makes of plates attd films on the market. They have been divided into groups, which approximately indicate the speeds referred to above. The hypersensitive punch rcnnatic plates and films require less exposure than the ultra-rapid. Ultra Rapid. Agfa, Special Portrait. „ Super Pan. Film. „ Super-speed Film. „ Isochrom Film. „ Ultra Special. Barnet, Press and Super Press. „ XL Super-speed Ortho. „ Soft Panchromatic. „ Studio Fast. „ Ultra Rapid. Eastman, Par Speed Cut Film. ,, S.S. Cut Film. ,, S.S. Pan. Film. Gevaert, Super Sensima. „ Sensima Fast. ,, Sensima Ortho. ,, Sup>er Chromosa. „ Roll Films and Packs. Ilford, Golden Iso-Zenith. ,, Iso-Zenith. ,, Hypersensitive Pan. Plates and Films. ,, Portrait Film {Ortho Fast). ,, Monarch. ,, Press. ,, S.S. Ex. Sens. Zenith Ex. Sens. „ S.G. Pan. Illingworth, Fleet. ,, Super Fleet. „ Super Fleet Ortho. ,, Pan. Fleet. Imperial, S.S.S. Press Ortho. ,, Eclipse. ,, Eclipse Ortho Soft. „ Eclipse Soft. ,, Eclipse Ortho. Imperial, Eclipse Pan. Soft. Kodak, Verichrome Film. Marion, Record. „ Iso Record. SEio, Selochrome Roll Film and Film Pack. ,, Selo. Pan. Roll Film. Standard, Film. Wellington, Anti-screen. „ X Press. Zeiss Ikon, Pemox Roll Film and Packs. Extra Rapid. Agfa, Chromo. ,, ,, Isolar. „ Extra Rapid. „ Isolar. „ Iso Rapid. „ ,, ,, Chromo. ,, Roll Film. Barnet, S.R. Pan. ,, Studio Ortho. Ensign, Roll Film. Gevaert, Filtered Ortho. ,, Chromosa. „ S.R. „ Regular Cut Film, Ilford, Auto. Filter, ,, S.R. Pan. ,, Pan. Film. ,, Rapid Chromatic. Imperial, Non-Filter (new series). „ Eclipse Pan. B. „ S.S. Ortho. Kodak, Roll Film and Film Pack. Pathe, Roll Film, Selo, Roll Film. Zeiss Ikon, Roll Film and Film Pack. Rapid. Barnet, S.R. „ Self-screen Ortho. Ilford, Screened Chromatic. „ S.R. ,, Commercial Ortho Film. Imperial, Non-Filter. „ S.R. „ S.R. Ortho. Kodak, Cut Film. Medium. Ilford, Empress. „ Chromatic. Ordinary. Barnet, Ordinary. Gevaert, Ordinary. Ilford, Ordinary. ,, Rapid Process Pan. Imperial, Ordinary, ,, Pan. Process. 6 208