American cinematographer (Oct 1933)

238 American Cinematographer • October 1933 BROOKS Effect and Filter HOOD COMPLETE WITH Filter and Effect Devices A unique accessory containing a Badgley Filter Holder unit and equipped with 5-2" square fil- ters sealed in optical glass. Two filters serve the purpose of nor- mal correction, moonlight, fog effect and distant shots; one, diffusion for portraits and close- ups, one for heavy diffusion and one for diffused Iris which shows a clear portion merging into diffused edges. Keyhole and binocular masks together with square opening and closing Iris effect are also included. Other effects such as heart, shamrock, star or porthole are easily constructed by the amateur. This device differs radically from similar accessories in its ability to hold standard 2" filters, masks, wipe-outs, etc., at a far enough away distance from the lens to avoid blurring or dis- tortion on the film. The filters may be also used behind the hood. Substantially made, light, at- tractive in appearance, this is a standard unit which fits on any lens barrel from 1 5-8" and smaller. Since this valuable accessory is so very moderately priced, there is no reason why the amateur should deprive himself of the possibility here offered to gain all the professional effects which it can confer. Send for detailed literature and for com- plete list of other filters suitable for this device. $ 8.50 Burleigh Brooks 127 West 42nd St. New York ICTERS IN WORLD-WIDE USE PpnAan (% ooliqbt joJ NiqMEf facts io Haytirnv- Ft^Scms- ftffasrifvtos and many vih«r effects. WITH ANY CAMERA - IN ANY CLIMATE GEORGE H.SCHEIBE ORIGINATOR OF KFFKCT FII.TFRS 927-W-7®IS ST. LOS ANGELCS.CAL. Positive Control Data (Continued from Page 213) negative gamma plus the toe density. By toe density is meant that value of density at which the toe departs from the straight line characteristic of the sound negative H and D curve. Thus if the Type lib negative gamma equals 0.40 and the toe density equals 0.1 5, then the correct operating density would be 0.55. In the case of positive density a value that will not permit much operation into the toe region is recommended. This depends upon the shape of the toe of the printer H and D curve. Experience has shown that a visual print density in the neighborhood of 0.70 for a gamma ap- proximating 2.00 is usually satisfactory, Some studios that fail to obtain a correct overall gamma of unity have recourse to lighter prints varying in density from 0.50 to 0.60. Based on observations, the following specifications cover most pro- cessing of light valve records. Negative Gamma Negative Density Positive Gamma Positive Density 0.35 to 0.40 0.50 to 0.60 1.80 to 2.20 0.65 to 0.75 Before any recommendations for pro- cessing are made to any studio by the Western Electric Co., or its subsidiary the Electrical Research Products, Inc., the entire sensitometric control setup from light valve to photo-electric cell is ex- amined. All of the above recommenda- tions regarding Western Electric track control are quoted from data obtained from representatives of the Electrical Research Products, Inc., in Hollywood. In considering developers for sound track work it is necessary to realize that recordings are made on film which con- tains an emulsion of positive character- istics. As can be seen from the specifica- tions quoted above, the gammas desired are very low. It becomes necessary, therefore, that a developer of low con- tract characteristic be used. Quite often use is made of the picture negative formula. However, slightly better re- sults are obtained with a developer quite similar to the picture negative formula but with a smaller quantity of sodium sulphite. A typical formula used for Lee Carmes, A.S.C. Weds Lee Garmes, A. S. C., became a bene- dict on September 10th, when he mar- ried Miss Ruth Hall. The ceremony was attended only by intimate friends; John Arnold, A. S. C., originally scheduled to serve as best man, was unable to be present as he was called to the NRA con- ference in Washington. Mr. Garmes is at present photographing “I Am Suz- anne,” starring Lilliam Harvey, after which he will make his dubut as a direc- tor. the development of sound negative of the variable density type is given in Table 7. TABLE 7 Sound Negative Developer Elon 1 lb. Sodium sulphite 46 lbs. 8 ozs. Hydroquinone 2 lbs. 3 ozs. Borax 1 lb. Water to 120 gals. It is quite obvious that the formula used for developing the positive sound track is identical with that for positive picture inasmuch as the final print con- tains both the picture and the sound track. In closing the author would like to express his appreciation to the individual representatives of practically every studio and laboratory in Hollywood, as well as representatives of the major sound units for the assistance which they rendered in the compilation of the data presented in this paper. (1 ) L. A. Jones, J.S.M.P.E., 15 Oc- tober, 1931, p. 536. (2) Capstaff & Purdy, J.S.M.P.E., 1 1 September, 1927, p. 607. News Cine Photography Is Different (Continued from Page 216) may be getting negative from seventy- five or a hundred different camera- men from seventy - five or a hun- dred different parts of the world. Be- lieve me its a rush and jump to put all the stuff through the soup and make prints, cut, edit, title and arrange the material. There are no dailies in a news lab., and no re-takes for the boys. So taking all this into consideration it would slow up the speedy progress of changing the dark room lights from ruby to green, if one can had straight stock and the other had super-pan or grey back. Gradually as time passed on, and sound came in faster film was used, I doubt very much if today Ortho is in use. May- be so. Filters outside the ‘‘K’ were never used because film was rarely developed for much detail, as for diffusion and the use of discs in close-ups, no time or thought could be given to that technically. Per- haps no thought has been given to their uses. Maybe if some newsreeler applied diffusion to his photography and con- tinued the practice, the rest of the gang might follow, and perhaps some day we will see news photography in the same catagory as that of production, I doubt it.