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PLANNING / Film and the Editor Film and the Editor The sound reader, synchronizer, and moviola are the tools used by the film editor to ensure the quality and precision usually found in a television com- mercial. The first of these tools, the sound reader, is used by the editor in analyzing the sound track. The sound reader consists of a small, metal housing with a round wheel over which the film to be analyzed passes. The housing also con- tains a light beam that is directed at the sound portion of the film. The film can be wound in either direction over the wheel at any speed desired by the editor. In this way, it is possible to pick out high and low tones and accents, and to break words into syllables. As the sound-track film travels over the wheel and into the synchronizer, the synchronizer measures the film in frames and feet. These exact measurements and the film editor's analysis enable the animator to time the animation, the cartoon character's move- ments and mouth actions, to the twenty-fourth of a second—the length of time each frame of film is visible when projected. In the photograph shown here, the other piece of film passing through the synchronizer is the picture portion or work print. Another tool used by the film editor is the moviola. The moviola can run both the picture reel and the sound-track reel at the same time. By coupling the two reels, the film editor and the animation director can determine im- mediately how well the two reels synchronize. They then can advance either the sound track or the picture reel by the number of frames necessary to get a better sync. Perfect synchronization is achieved only after the picture and the sound track have been run together many times. The process whereby the picture reel and the sound track are run and projected at the same time is called the interlock. The rough-cut print, which consists of the good takes of the live action and animation spliced together by the film editor in their proper order but not necessarily to the exact length, is used for this projection. During the course of production, many other prints are used. They are as follows: The work print, as the name implies, is the print used during production. Both the visual portion and the sound track are cut to the actual lengths to be used in the completed production. The optical print is the first combination of animation and live sequences 26