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Types of Visual Aids and Their Uses 63
inches in size if ordered directly from the company, and these sheets range in price from 55c to $1.50 in the weights ordinarily used for slide making. They may be cut to size on an ordinary paper cutter.
Photographic Lantern Slides.* It is extremely difficult to avoid confusion when mentioning the various forms of lantern slides to those who are not familiar with some of those forms. The term "photographic" is used here for want of a better one to designate those slides which are made by transferring images to sensitized glass-slide plates. This would include the majority of the slides which are prepared for sale, and many of those which are made by teachers for their personal use. In many cases, advanced pupils derive much pleasure from this type of work and produce excellent results.
The making of photographic lantern slides is a most fascinating undertaking and yet a rather simple process. For the beginner, the following procedure and materials have been found to be very satisfactory. After a few trials, and following directions closely, the technique will be mastered and the results will be highly satisfactory. It is well to use these simple materials until the proper handling of them has been mastered. The materials here recommended are no better, perhaps, than others on the market, but excellent results have been secured by using these, and, after the slide maker has learned the fundamentals, he may select the materials which he believes will suit his situation best.
Equipment. The first essential is a darkroom. Any room which can be made absolutely dark and which has running water in it may be used as a darkroom. There should be two types of electrical lighting equipment in this room; a Wratten Series "0" or a "ruby" light to be used when handling the sensitized plates; and a frosted 25-watt tungsten lamp to be used in making prints from the negatives. The light switches or controls should be placed on or near the workbench, so they may be convenient at all times.
Two white enameled pans, approximately 6x8 inches in size and IV2 inches deep, will be needed. One of these will be used for the developing chemicals and the other for water. In addition, there should he one enameled pan, approximately 20x24x3 inches in size, to contain the "fixer." An ordinary sink or some other form of tank will be needed as a place in which the slides may be "washed" as part of the process. A simple slide rack, in which the slides may be placed while drying, is essential.
*Heathershaw, Lillian, "Simple Directions for Making Visual Aids." Educational Screen, 64 East Lake Street, Chicago, Illinois.