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70 The Audio-Visual Handbook
type of visual aid. Another limitation is that they must be handled with care in order to avoid breakage. Although there are some slides so constructed as to be practically nonbreakable, the majority of the slides of that type leave the emulsion side of the glass unprotected, except for a thin coating of shellac, and there is danger of damage from scratching.
Glass slides require more space for filing or storage than some of the other materials for still projection. They cost considerably more than filmslides or miniature slides, but, if handled properly, will give almost unlimited service.
Suggested Uses of the Lantern Slide. McClusky,* in his outline of a proposed text in visual instruction, suggests the following as a guide to those who desire to make the most effective use of slides:
1. The lantern slide lends itself admirably to socialized activities. Because of its "group appeal," it makes group consideration of a subject practical in large classes. Many unprojected pictures are too small to be seen distinctly by all. The lantern slide may be seen by every child in the group while discussion is taking place.
2. The lantern slide focuses the attention of a group of pupils.
3. The lantern slide stimulates reflective thinking. It is possible for the teacher to control the length of time the picture is exposed so that the class may concentrate on each feature as long as is necessary.
4. The slide is flexible. It lends itself readily to being correlated with the subject matter under immediate consideration because any portion of a series of slides can be shown when needed without running through any other portions. It is also possible to refer to the same slide several times during the course of the lesson, because of the ready accessibility of each slide.
5. The slide provides an admirable means of reviewing a topic. It "tests the ability of the pupil to discuss a topic in a clear, vivid way." Slides may be referred to again and again.
6. The ink, pencil, ceramic, silhouette, opaque, and cellophane lantern slide may be made by teachers or pupils. It is thus possible to "show only what is required without any distracting features." The economy of homemade slides makes them readily available to all teachers having access to a projector.
7. The smallest number of slides required to develop, or interpret the concept is the number of slides to be used. If one will do it, that
McClusky, F.D., et al, "The Place of Visual Instruction in the Modern School,' (Syllabus of a proposed text).