The audio-visual handbook (1942)

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72 The Audio-Visual Handbook in correct location, time, or situation, the child gains the ability to recognize a few simple fundamental geographic, historic, scientific, and human principles. In using a known object as a basis for judging sizes of unknown objects, it should be noted that the unknown object must be the same distance from the camera as the known. Unknown objects in the distance should not be compared with a known object close to the camera. This is obviated in stereographic projection, which is three dimensional. 3. The training of the child's imagination and emotions, as well as the intellect and will, is essential so he will unconsciously feel and respond to that which is lovely and true in pictures, whether in or out of school. 4. Knowing how to look at pictures is not gained in a short time. It is the gradual recognition by the child of a group of principles and the ability to apply them. A very great amount of care should be taken by the teacher not to analyze a picture to such an extent that the meaning is destroyed. The teacher's part in helping the child interpret a slide is that of guide. The Slide Lesson. The aims of individual lessons or a series of lessons determine the use of the slide. 1. In development lessons, the slides which show causes from which results can be deduced, or those which show results in such a way that causes can be investigated or the results be seen as further caused, are valuable. This means a psychological arrangement of the slides. 2. In a travel lesson, the need of a logical sequence of pictures is obvious either following the route or the central theme or purpose of the journey. 3. In the appreciation lesson of literature or art, slides are very valuable in creating an atmosphere, interpreting the life of other days, including the fairy realm, and in learning to enjoy the beautiful. 4. In some cases, drill lessons are not needed as much when using slides, because the desired information is kept before the child and thus in constant use. 5. Slides give a new view to a concluding or review lesson. 6. A great deal of value and power is gained through interpreting the slide in the socialized recitation. 7. Perhaps one of the greatest uses of slides is as a means of creating a situation and an atmosphere from which individual or class problems or projects can grow and develop.