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102 The Audio-Visual Handbook
tion pictures of all kinds today, there are many other nations which are applying the motion picture to educational problems in a very effective manner. It is rather safe to state that motion pictures are being used for educational purposes in every civilized country as well as in many countries or localities which may not have achieved that rating. American produced pictures, both educational and recreational, have had their titles translated into many different languages and have been distributed throughout the world.
The schools of the United States are using motion pictures extensively, and probably more schools in this country than in any other are equipped to utilize the service. There are very few of the first class cities in the United States which do not have centralized departments or bureaus of visual instruction charged with the responsibility of providing visual aids to the various teachers in their respective school systems. Those cities offer very complete service to their teachers and have co-ordinated effective visual aids with the curricula so as to get the best possible results. Of the forty-eight states there are more than thirty which have one or more agencies for the distribution of motion pictures among the public and private schools. The various departments of the Federal Government have taken an active part in the promotion of visual instruction or in its direction during the past several years, and are now giving increased attention to this rapidly developing educational field. The Office of Education at Washington has established a clearinghouse service for the assistance of those who come to it for suggestions or for information as to where certain materials may be obtained. The Departments of Agriculture, Commerce, and the Interior have utilized motion pictures extensively in connection with their work. There are many excellent subjects available for loan to schools practically free of charge, which cover the leading developments in the fields of agriculture, forestry, mineral industries, women in industry, and other industrial activities in this country. The Department of Labor has produced several motion pictures dealing with its activities and for the purpose of promoting a more intelligent regulation of industries.
Advantages and Limitations of Silent Motion Pictures. There are several situations in which the motion picture will serve better than any other type of projected visual aid. With the motion-picture camera, one can slow down the action of an athlete for form study; or take pictures of any other rapidly moving object, even at the speed of a rifle bullet. It is possible, therefore, to study thoroughly the action of objects which would be much too rapid for the unaided eye