The audio-visual handbook (1942)

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144 The Audio-Visual Handbook or transcription at the speed at which it was recorded. In other words, the phonograph which reproduces the phonograph record must revolve the record at the rate of 78 revolutions per minute while the transscription-reproducing equipment revolves at the rate of 33 1/3 revolutions per minute. Each type of recording has certain advantages. The transcription record makes it possible to record and reproduce for a full fifteen minutes without interruption to change or turn the record. The maximum recording on one side of a twelve-inch phonograph recording recorded at standard phonograph speed is approximately five minutes. This means that in recording and reproducing a fifteen-minute program of phonograph records it will require two sides of one record and one side of the second record. On the other hand, the phonograph records may be used on any standard phonograph, whereas the transcriptions must be used on special equipment which revolves the record at slower speed. It is not known which type of record will be used most extensively for the purpose of recording radio programs such as the DuPont "Cavalcade of America"; and some programs are available on both types, but there seems to be a preference for sixteen-inch recordings. In either case, a school may now purchase for permanent use the best recorded educational programs at nominal cost per program. The advantages of this will be recognized immediately. Instantaneous Recording Equipment The usual phonograph records or transcriptions are made by recording on wax. The wax is then processed to provide a master from which, after further processing, a matrix is made. The matrix is used to press the records which are reproduced on phonographs or other record-playing equipment. This procedure requires several hours of careful labor of skilled technicians, and the result is the fine phonograph record which may be purchased almost anywhere for a dollar or less. The process of manufacture is moderately expensive, so is not used generally except when many copies of the recording are desired. The instantaneous recorder, on the other hand, may be used to record speech, music, or any other type of audible sound on a "blank" recording disc and reproduce that recording as soon as completed, with no processing required. Recording discs range in price from 15c upward, and may be used to record several minutes of individual or group performance. The records may be used many times and ad